Chapter LXI.

He maintains, moreover, that “no product of matter is immortal.”  Now, in answer to this it may be said, that if no product of matter is immortal, then either the whole world is immortal, and thus not a product of matter, or it is not immortal.  If, accordingly, the world is immortal (which is agreeable to the view of those who say that the soul alone is the work of God, and was produced from a certain bowl), let Celsus show that the world was not produced from a matter devoid of qualities, remembering his own assertion that “no product of matter is immortal.”  If, however, the world is not immortal (seeing it is a product of matter), but mortal, does it also perish, or does it not?  For if it perish, it will perish as being a work of God; and then, in the event of the world perishing, what will become of the soul, which is also a work of God?  Let Celsus answer this!  But if, perverting the notion of immortality, he will assert that, although perishable, it is immortal, because it does not really perish; that it is capable of dying, but does not actually die,—it is evident that, according to him, there will exist something which is at the same time mortal and immortal, by being capable of both conditions; and that which does not die will be mortal, and that which is not immortal by nature will be termed in a peculiar sense immortal, because it does not die!  According to what distinction, then, in the meaning of words, will he maintain that no product of matter is immortal?  And thus you see that the ideas contained in his writings, when closely examined and tested, are proved not to be sound and incontrovertible.881    διελέγχεται οὐκ ἐπιδεχόμενα τὸ γενναῖον καὶ ἀναντίῤῥητον.  And after making these assertions he adds:  “On this point these remarks are sufficient; and if any one is capable of hearing and examining further, he will come to know (the truth).”  Let us, then, who in his opinion are unintelligent individuals, see what will result from our being able to listen to him for a little, and so continue our investigation.

Φησὶ δ' ὅτι καὶ ὕλης ἔκγονον οὐδὲν ἀθάνατον. Καὶ πρὸς τοῦτο λελέξεται ὅτι, εἴπερ ὕλης οὐδὲν ἔκγονον ἀθάνατον, ἤτοι ἀθάνατος ὅλος ὁ κόσμος καὶ οὐχ ὡς ὕλης ἐστὶν ἔκγονον ἢ οὐδ' αὐτὸς χρῆμά ἐστιν ἀθάνατον. Εἰ μὲν οὖν ἀθάνατος ὁ κόσμος, ὅπερ ἀρέσκει καὶ τοῖς θεοῦ ἔργον εἰποῦσι μόνην τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ ἀπό τινος αὐτὴν κρατῆρος γεγονέναι λέγουσι, δεικνύτω ὁ Κέλσος οὐκ ἐξ ὕλης ἀποίου αὐτὸν γεγονέναι, τηρῶν τὸ ὕλης ἔκγονον οὐδὲν ἀθάνατον· εἰ δ' ἐπεὶ ὕλης ἔκγονόν ἐστιν ὁ κόσμος, οὐκ ἔστιν ἀθάνατον ὁ κόσμος· θνητὸν ὁ κόσμος ἆρ' οὖν καὶ φθειρόμενον ἢ μή; Εἰ μὲν γὰρ φθειρόμενον, ὡς θεοῦ ἔργον ἔσται φθειρόμενον· εἶτ' ἐν τῇ φθορᾷ τοῦ κόσμου τὸ ἔργον τοῦ θεοῦ ἡ ψυχὴ τί ποιήσει, λεγέτω ὁ Κέλσος· εἰ δὲ διαστρέφων τὴν ἔννοιαν τοῦ ἀθανάτου φήσει τῷ φθαρτῷ μὲν οὐ φθειρομένῳ δὲ ἀθάνατον αὐτὸν εἶναι, ὡς δεκτικὸν μὲν θανάτου οὐ μὴν δὲ καὶ ἀποθνῄσκοντα, δῆλον ὅτι ἔσται τι κατ' ἐκεῖνον θνητὸν ἅμα καὶ ἀθάνατον τῷ ἀμφοτέρων εἶναι δεκτικόν, καὶ ἔσται θνητὸν οὐκ ἀποθνῇσκον, καὶ τὸ οὐ τῇ φύσει ἀθάνατον παρὰ τὸ μὴ ἀποθνῄσκειν ἰδίως λεγόμενον ἀθάνατον. Κατὰ ποῖον οὖν σημαινόμενον διαστελλόμενος φήσει ὕλης ἔκγονον οὐδὲν ἀθάνατον; Καὶ ὁρᾷς ὅτι πιεζόμενα αὐτὰ καὶ βασανιζόμενα τὰ ἐν τοῖς γράμμασι νοήματα διελέγχεται οὐκ ἐπιδεχόμενα τὸ γενναῖον καὶ ἀναντίρρητον. Εἰπὼν δὲ ταῦτ' ἐπιφέρει ὅτι τοῦδε μὲν πέρι ἀπόχρη τοσαῦτα· καὶ εἴ τις ἐπὶ πλεῖον ἀκούειν δύναιτο καὶ ζητεῖν, εἴσεται. Ἴδωμεν οὖν ἡμεῖς οἱ κατ' αὐτὸν ἀνόητοι, τί ἠκο λούθησε τῷ κἂν ἐπ' ὀλίγον ἡμᾶς αὐτοῦ ἀκούειν δυνηθῆναι καὶ ζητεῖν.