The Stromata, or Miscellanies

 Book I Chapter I.—Preface—The Author’s Object—The Utility of Written Compositions.

 Chapter II.—Objection to the Number of Extracts from Philosophical Writings in These Books Anticipated and Answered.

 Chapter III.—Against the Sophists.

 Chapter IV.—Human Arts as Well as Divine Knowledge Proceed from God.

 Chapter V.—Philosophy the Handmaid of Theology.

 Chapter VI.—The Benefit of Culture.

 Chapter VII.—The Eclectic Philosophy Paves the Way for Divine Virtue.

 Chapter VIII.—The Sophistical Arts Useless.

 Chapter IX.—Human Knowledge Necessary for the Understanding of the Scriptures.

 Chapter X.—To Act Well of Greater Consequence Than to Speak Well.

 Chapter XI.—What is the Philosophy Which the Apostle Bids Us Shun?

 Chapter XII.—The Mysteries of the Faith Not to Be Divulged to All.

 Chapter XIII.—All Sects of Philosophy Contain a Germ of Truth.

 Chapter XIV.—Succession of Philosophers in Greece.

 Chapter XV.—The Greek Philosophy in Great Part Derived from the Barbarians.

 Chapter XVI.—That the Inventors of Other Arts Were Mostly Barbarians.

 Chapter XVII.—On the Saying of the Saviour, “All that Came Before Me Were Thieves and Robbers.”

 Chapter XVIII.—He Illustrates the Apostle’s Saying, “I Will Destroy the Wisdom of the Wise.”

 Chapter XIX.—That the Philosophers Have Attained to Some Portion of Truth.

 Chapter XX.—In What Respect Philosophy Contributes to the Comprehension of Divine Truth.

 Chapter XXI.—The Jewish Institutions and Laws of Far Higher Antiquity Than the Philosophy of the Greeks.

 Chapter XXII.—On the Greek Translation of the Old Testament.

 Chapter XXIII.—The Age, Birth, and Life of Moses.

 Chapter XXIV.—How Moses Discharged the Part of a Military Leader.

 Chapter XXV.—Plato an Imitator of Moses in Framing Laws.

 Chapter XXVI.—Moses Rightly Called a Divine Legislator, And, Though Inferior to Christ, Far Superior to the Great Legislators of the Greeks, Minos and

 Chapter XXVII.—The Law, Even in Correcting and Punishing, Aims at the Good of Men.

 Chapter XXVIII.—The Fourfold Division of the Mosaic Law.

 Chapter XXIX.—The Greeks But Children Compared with the Hebrews.

 Book II. Chapter I.—Introductory.

 Chapter II.—The Knowledge of God Can Be Attained Only Through Faith.

 Chapter III.—Faith Not a Product of Nature.

 Chapter IV.—Faith the Foundation of All Knowledge.

 Chapter V.—He Proves by Several Examples that the Greeks Drew from the Sacred Writers.

 Chapter VI.—The Excellence and Utility of Faith.

 Chapter VII.—The Utility of Fear. Objections Answered.

 Chapter VIII.—The Vagaries of Basilides and Valentinus as to Fear Being the Cause of Things.

 Chapter IX.—The Connection of the Christian Virtues.

 Chapter X.—To What the Philosopher Applies Himself.

 Chapter XI.—The Knowledge Which Comes Through Faith the Surest of All.

 Chapter XII.—Twofold Faith.

 Chapter XIII.—On First and Second Repentance.

 Chapter XIV.—How a Thing May Be Involuntary.

 Chapter XV.—On the Different Kinds of Voluntary Actions, and the Sins Thence Proceeding.

 Chapter XVI.—How We are to Explain the Passages of Scripture Which Ascribe to God Human Affections.

 Chapter XVII.—On the Various Kinds of Knowledge.

 Chapter XVIII.—The Mosaic Law the Fountain of All Ethics, and the Source from Which the Greeks Drew Theirs.

 Chapter XIX.—The True Gnostic is an Imitator of God, Especially in Beneficence.

 Chapter XX.—The True Gnostic Exercises Patience and Self-Restraint.

 Chapter XXI.—Opinions of Various Philosophers on the Chief Good.

 Chapter XXII.—Plato’s Opinion, that the Chief Good Consists in Assimilation to God, and Its Agreement with Scripture.

 Chapter XXIII.—On Marriage.

 Book III. Caput I.—Basilidis Sententiam de Continentia Et Nuptiis Refutat.

 Caput II.—Carpocratis Et Epiphanis Sententiam de Feminarum Communitate Refutat.

 Caput III.—Quatenus Plato Aliique E Veteribus Præiverint Marcionitis Aliisque Hæreticis, Qui a Nuptiis Ideo Abstinent Quia Creaturam Malam Existimant

 Caput IV.—Quibus Prætextibus Utantur Hæretici ad Omnis Genetis Licentiam Et Libidinem Exercendam.

 Caput V.—Duo Genera Hæreticorum Notat: Prius Illorum Qui Omnia Omnibus Licere Pronuntiant, Quos Refutat.

 Caput VI.—Secundum Genus Hæreticorum Aggreditur, Illorum Scilicet Qui Ex Impia de Deo Omnium Conditore Sententia, Continentiam Exercent.

 Caput VII.—Qua in Re Christianorum Continentia Eam Quam Sibi Vindicant Philosophi Antecellat.

 Caput VIII.—Loca S. Scripturæ Ab Hæreticis in Vituperium Matrimonii Adducta Explicat Et Primo Verba Apostoli Romans 6:14, Ab Hæreticorum Perversa Int

 Caput IX.—Dictum Christi ad Salomen Exponit, Quod Tanquam in Vituperium Nuptiarum Prolatum Hæretici Allegabant.

 Caput X.—Verba Christi Matt. xviii. 20, Mystice Exponit.

 Caput XI.—Legis Et Christi Mandatum de Non Concupiscendo Exponit.

 Caput XII.—Verba Apostoli 1 Cor. vii. 5, 39, 40, Aliaque S. Scripturæ Loca Eodem Spectantia Explicat.

 Caput XIII.—Julii Cassiani Hæretici Verbis Respondet Item Loco Quem Ex Evangelio Apocrypho Idem Adduxerat.

 Caput XIV.—2 Cor. xi. 3, Et Eph. iv. 24, Exponit.

 Caput XV.—1 Cor. vii. 1 Luc. xiv. 26 Isa. lvi. 2, 3, Explicat.

 Caput XVI.—Jer. xx. 14 Job xiv. 3 Ps. l. 5 1 Cor. ix. 27, Exponit.

 Caput XVII.—Qui Nuptias Et Generationem Malas Asserunt, II Et Dei Creationem Et Ipsam Evangelii Dispensationem Vituperant.

 Caput XVIII.—Duas Extremas Opiniones Esse Vitandas: Primam Illorum Qui Creatoris Odio a Nuptiis Abstinent Alteram Illorum Qui Hinc Occasionem Arripiu

 Book IV. Chapter I.—Order of Contents.

 Chapter II.—The Meaning of the Name Stromata or Miscellanies.

 Chapter III.—The True Excellence of Man.

 Chapter IV.—The Praises of Martyrdom.

 Chapter V.—On Contempt for Pain, Poverty, and Other External Things.

 Chapter VI.—Some Points in the Beatitudes.

 Chapter VII.—The Blessedness of the Martyr.

 Chapter VIII.—Women as Well as Men, Slaves as Well as Freemen, Candidates for the Martyr’s Crown.

 Chapter IX.—Christ’s Sayings Respecting Martyrdom.

 Chapter X.—Those Who Offered Themselves for Martyrdom Reproved.

 Chapter XI.—The Objection, Why Do You Suffer If God Cares for You, Answered.

 Chapter XII.—Basilides’ Idea of Martyrdom Refuted.

 Chapter XIII.—Valentinian’s Vagaries About the Abolition of Death Refuted.

 Chapter XIV.—The Love of All, Even of Our Enemies.

 Chapter XV.—On Avoiding Offence.

 Chapter XVI.—Passages of Scripture Respecting the Constancy, Patience, and Love of the Martyrs.

 Chapter XVII.—Passages from Clement’s Epistle to the Corinthians on Martyrdom.

 Chapter XVIII.—On Love, and the Repressing of Our Desires.

 Chap. XIX.—Women as well as Men Capable of Perfection.

 Chapter XX.—A Good Wife.

 Chapter XXI.—Description of the Perfect Man, or Gnostic.

 Chapter XXII.—The True Gnostic Does Good, Not from Fear of Punishment or Hope of Reward, But Only for the Sake of Good Itself.

 Chapter XXIII.—The Same Subject Continued.

 Chapter XXIV.—The Reason and End of Divine Punishments.

 Chapter XXV.—True Perfection Consists in the Knowledge and Love of God.

 Chapter XXVI.—How the Perfect Man Treats the Body and the Things of the World.

 Book V. Chap. I.—On Faith.

 Chap. II.—On Hope.

 Chapter III.—The Objects of Faith and Hope Perceived by the Mind Alone.

 Chapter IV.—Divine Things Wrapped Up in Figures Both in the Sacred and in Heathen Writers.

 Chapter V.—On the Symbols of Pythagoras.

 Chapter VI.—The Mystic Meaning of the Tabernacle and Its Furniture.

 Chapter VII.—The Egyptian Symbols and Enigmas of Sacred Things.

 Chapter VIII.—The Use of the Symbolic Style by Poets and Philosophers.

 Chapter IX.—Reasons for Veiling the Truth in Symbols.

 Chapter X.—The Opinion of the Apostles on Veiling the Mysteries of the Faith.

 Chapter XI.—Abstraction from Material Things Necessary in Order to Attain to the True Knowledge of God.

 Chapter XII.—God Cannot Be Embraced in Words or by the Mind.

 Chapter XIII.—The Knowledge of God a Divine Gift, According to the Philosophers.

 Chapter XIV.—Greek Plagiarism from the Hebrews.

 Book VI. Chapter I.—Plan.

 Chapter II.—The Subject of Plagiarisms Resumed. The Greeks Plagiarized from One Another.

 Chapter III.—Plagiarism by the Greeks of the Miracles Related in the Sacred Books of the Hebrews.

 Chapter IV.—The Greeks Drew Many of Their Philosophical Tenets from the Egyptian and Indian Gymnosophists.

 Chapter V.—The Greeks Had Some Knowledge of the True God.

 Chapter VI.—The Gospel Was Preached to Jews and Gentiles in Hades.

 Chapter VII.—What True Philosophy Is, and Whence So Called.

 Chapter VIII.—Philosophy is Knowledge Given by God.

 Chapter IX.—The Gnostic Free of All Perturbations of the Soul.

 Chapter X.—The Gnostic Avails Himself of the Help of All Human Knowledge.

 Chapter XI.—The Mystical Meanings in the Proportions of Numbers, Geometrical Ratios, and Music.

 Chapter XII.—Human Nature Possesses an Adaptation for Perfection The Gnostic Alone Attains It.

 Chapter XIII.—Degrees of Glory in Heaven Corresponding with the Dignities of the Church Below.

 Chapter XIV.—Degrees of Glory in Heaven.

 Chapter XV.—Different Degrees of Knowledge.

 Chapter XVI.—Gnostic Exposition of the Decalogue.

 Chapter XVII.—Philosophy Conveys Only an Imperfect Knowledge of God.

 Chapter XVIII.—The Use of Philosophy to the Gnostic.

 Book VII. Chapter I.—The Gnostic a True Worshipper of God, and Unjustly Calumniated by Unbelievers as an Atheist.

 Chapter II.—The Son the Ruler and Saviour of All.

 Chapter III.—The Gnostic Aims at the Nearest Likeness Possible to God and His Son.

 Chapter IV.—The Heathens Made Gods Like Themselves, Whence Springs All Superstition.

 Chapter V.—The Holy Soul a More Excellent Temple Than Any Edifice Built by Man.

 Chapter VI.—Prayers and Praise from a Pure Mind, Ceaselessly Offered, Far Better Than Sacrifices.

 Chapter VII.—What Sort of Prayer the Gnostic Employs, and How It is Heard by God.

 Chapter VIII.—The Gnostic So Addicted to Truth as Not to Need to Use an Oath.

 Chapter IX.—Those Who Teach Others, Ought to Excel in Virtues.

 Chapter X.—Steps to Perfection.

 Chapter XI.—Description of the Gnostic’s Life.

 Chapter XII.—The True Gnostic is Beneficent, Continent, and Despises Worldly Things.

 Chapter XIII.—Description of the Gnostic Continued.

 Chapter XIV.—Description of the Gnostic Furnished by an Exposition of 1 Cor. vi. 1, Etc.

 Chapter XV.—The Objection to Join the Church on Account of the Diversity of Heresies Answered.

 Chapter XVI.—Scripture the Criterion by Which Truth and Heresy are Distinguished.

 Chapter XVII.—The Tradition of the Church Prior to that of the Heresies.

 Chapter XVIII—The Distinction Between Clean and Unclean Animals in the Law Symbolical of the Distinction Between the Church, and Jews, and Heretics.

 Book VIII. Chapter I.—The Object of Philosophical and Theological Inquiry—The Discovery of Truth.

 Chapter II.—The Necessity of Perspicuous Definition.

 Chapter III.—Demonstration Defined.

 Chapter IV.—To Prevent Ambiguity, We Must Begin with Clear Definition.

 Chapter V.—Application of Demonstration to Sceptical Suspense of Judgment.

 Chapter VI.—Definitions, Genera, and Species.

 Chapter VII.—On the Causes of Doubt or Assent.

 Chapter VIII.—The Method of Classifying Things and Names.

 Chapter IX.—On the Different Kinds of Cause.

Caput XI.—Legis Et Christi Mandatum de Non Concupiscendo Exponit.741    [Elucidation XII.]

His sic ostensis, age Scripturas, quæ adversantur sophistis hæreticis, jam adducamus, et regulam continentiæ secundum logon seu rationem observandam declaremus. Qui vero intelligit, quæ Scriptura cuique hæresi contraria sit, cam tempestive adhibendo refutabit eos, qui dogmata mandatis contraria fingunt. Atque ut ab alto rem repetamus, lex quidem, sicut prius diximus, illud, “Non concupisces uxorem proximi tui,”742    Ex. xx. 17. prius exclamavit ante conjunctam Domini in Novo Testamento vocem, quæ dicit ex sua ipsius persona: “Audivistis legem præcipientem: Non mœchaberis. Ego autem dico: Non concupisces.”743    Matt. v. 27, 28. Quod enim vellet lex viros uti moderate uxoribus, et propter solam liberorum susceptionem, ex eo clarum est, quod prohibet quidem eum, qui non habet uxorem, statim cum” captiva” habere consuetudinem.744    Deut. xxi. 11, 12, 13. Quod si semel desideraverit, ei, cum tonsa fuerit capillos, permittere ut lugeat triginta diebus. Si autem ne sic quidem emarcescat cupiditas, tunc liberis operam dare, cum quæ dominatur impulsio, probata sit præ finito tempore consentanea rationi appetitio. Unde nullum ex veteribus ex Scripturn ostenderis, qui cum prægnante rem habuerit: sed postquam gestavit uterum, et postquam editum fetum a lacte depulit, rursus a viris cognitas fuisse uxores. Jam hunc scopum et institutum invenies servantera Moysis patrem, cure triennium post Aaronem editum intermisisset, genuisse Moysem. Et rursus Levitica tribus, servans hanc naturæ legem a Deo traditam, aliis numero minor ingressa est in terram promissam. Non enim facile multiplicatur genus, cum viii quidera seminant, legitimo juncti matrimonio; exspectant autem non solum uteri gestationem, sed etiam a lacte depulsionem. Unde merito Moyses, quoque Judæos paulatim proveheris ad continentiam, cure “tribus diebus”745    Ex. xix. 20. deinceps consequentibus a venerea voluptate abstinuissent, jussit audire verba Dei. “Nosergo Dei templa sumus, sicut dixit propheta: Inhabitabo in eis, et inambulabo, et ero eorum Deus, et ipsi erunt meus populus,” si ex præceptis vitam instituamus, sive singuli nostrum, sire tota simul Ecclesia. “Quareegredimini e medio ipsorum, et separamini, dicit Dominus, et immundum ne tangatis; et ego vos suscipiam, et ero vobis in patrem, et vos eritis mihi in filios et filias, dicit Dominus omnipotens.”746    2 Cor. vi. 16, 17, 18. Non ab iis, qui uxores duxerunt, ut aiunt, sed a gentibus, quæ adhuc vivebant in fornicatione, præterea autem a prius quoque dictis hæresibus, ut immundis et impiis, prophetice nos jubet separari. Unde etiam Panlus quoque verba dirigens ad eos, qu ierant iis, qui dicti sunt, similes: “Has ergo promissiones habete, inquit, dilecti: mundemus corda nostra ab omni inquinamento carnis et spiritus, perficientes sanctitatem in timore Dei.747    2 Cor. vii. 1. Zelo enim vos zelo Dei; despondi enim vos uni viro, virginem castam exhibere Christo.”748    2 Cor. xi. 2. Et Ecclesia quidem alii non jungitur matrimonio, cum sponsum hubeat: sed unusquisque nostrum habet potestatem ducendi, quamcunque velit, legitimam uxorem, in prim is, inquam, nuptiis. “Vereor autem, ne sicut serpens seduxit Evam in astutia, corrumpantur sensus vestri a simplicitate, quæ in Christo est,”749    2 Cor. xi. 3. pie admodum et doctoris instar dixit Apostolus. Quocirca admirabilis quoque Petrus: “Charissimi, inquit, obsecro vos tanquam advernas et peregrinos, abstinete vos a carnalibus desideriis, quæ militant adversus animam, conversationem vestram inter gentes habentes bonam: quoniam sic est voluntas Dei, ut bene facientes obmutescere faciatis imprudentium hominum ignorantiam; quasi liberi, et non quasi velamen habentes malitiæ libertatem, sed ut servi Dei.”750    1 Pet. ii. 11, 12, 15, 16. Similiter etiam scribit Paulus in Epistola ad Romanos: “Quimortui sumus peccato, quomodo adhuc riveruns in ipso? Quoniam veins homo nosier simul est crucifixus, ut destruatur corpus peccati,”751    Rom. vi. 2, 6. usque ad illud: “Neque exhibete membra vestra, arma injustitiæ peccato.”752    Rom. vi. 13. Atque adeo cure in hunc locum devenerim, videor mihi non esse prætermissurus, quirt notem, quod eumdem Deum per legem et prophetas et Evangelium prædicet Apostolus. Illud enim: “Non concupisces,” quod scriptum est in Evangelio, legi attribuit in Epistola ad Romanos, sciens esse unum eum, qui prædicavit per legem et prophetas, Patrem, et qui per ipsum est annuntiatus. Dicit enim: “Quid dicemus? Lex estne peccatum? Absit. Sed peccatum non cognovi, nisi per legem. Concupiscentiam enim non cognovissem, nisi lex diceret: Non concupisces.”753    Rom. vii. 7. Quod si ii, qui sunt diversæ sententiæ, repugnantes, existiment Paulum verba sua dirigentem adversus Creatorem, dixisse ea, quæ deinceps sequuntur: “Novi enim, quod non habitat in me, hoc est, in came mea, bonum;”754    Rom. vii. 18. legant æ, quæ prius dicta sunt; et ea, quæ consequuntur. Prius enim dixit: “Sed inhabitarts in me peccatum;” propter quod consentaneum erat dicere illud: “Non habitat in came mea bonum.”755    Rom. vii. 17. Consequenter subjunxit: “Si autem quod nolo, hoc ego facio, non utique ego id operor, sed quod inhabitat in me peccatum:” quod “repugnans,” inquit, “legi” Dei et “mentis meæ, captivat me in lege peccati, quæ est in membris meis. Miser ego homo, quis me liberabit de corpore morris hujus?”756    Rom. vii. 20, 23, 24. Et rursus (nunquam enim quovis modo juvando defatigatur) non veretur veluti concludere: “Lex enim spiritus liberavit me a lege peccati et morris:” quoniam “per Filium Dens condemnavit peccaturn in carne, ut justificatio legis impleatur in nobis, qui non secundum carnem ambulamus, seal secundum spiritum.”757    Rom. viii. 2, 3, 4. Præterhæc adhuc declarans ea, qum prius dicta sunt, exclamat: “Corpus quidem mortunto propter peccatum:” significans id non esse templum, sed sepulcum animæ. Quando enim sanctificatum fuerit Deo, “Spiritus ejus,” infert, “qui suscitavit Jesum a mortuis, habitat in vobis: qui vivificabit etiam mortalia vestra corpora, per ejus Spiritum, qui habitat in vobis.”758    Rom. viii. 10, 11. Rursus itaque voluptaxios increpans, illa adjicit: “Prudentia enim carnis, mors; quoniam qui ex came vivunt, ea, quæ sunt carnis, cogitant; et prudentia carnis est cum Deo gerere inimicitias; legi enim Dei non subjicitur. Qui autem sunt in carne,” non ut quidam decemunt, “Deo placere non possunt,” sed ut prius diximus. Deinde ut eos distinguat, dicit Ecclesiæ: “Vos autem non estis in carne sed in spiritu, si quidem spiritus Dei habitat in vobis. Si quis autem spiritum Christi non habet, is non est ejus. Si autem Christus in vobis, corpus quidem est mortuum per peccatum, spiritus autem vivus per justitiam. Debitores itaque sumus, fratres, non carni, ut secundum carnem vivamus. Si enim secundum camera vivitis, estis morituri: si vero spiritu facta carnis mortificaveritis, vivetis. Quicunque enim spiritu Dei aguntur, ii sunt filii Dei.” Et adversus nobilitatem et adversus libertatem, qum exsecrabiliter ab iis, qui sunt diversæ sententiæ, introducitur, qui de libidine gloriantur, subjungit dicens: “Non enim accepistis spiritum servitutis rursus in timorein, sed accepistis spiritum adoptionis filiorum, in quo clamamus, Abba Pater;”759    Rom. viii. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15. hoc est, ad hoc accepimus, ut cognoscamus eum, quem oramus, qui est vere Pater, qui rerum omnium solus est Pater, qui ad salutem erudit et castigat at pater, et timorem minatur.

Τούτων ὧδε ἐπιδεδειγμένων φέρε, ὁπόσαι τούτοις τοῖς κατὰ τὰς αἱρέσεις σοφισταῖς ἐναντιοῦνται γραφαί, ἤδη παραθώμεθα, τὸν κανόνα τῆς κατὰ λόγον τηρουμένης ἐγκρατείας μηνύοντες. ἑκάστῃ δὲ τῶν αἱρέσεων τὴν οἰκείως ἐνισταμένην γραφὴν ὁ συνίων ἐπιλεγόμενος κατὰ καιρὸν χρήσεται πρὸς κατάλυσιν τῶν παρὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς δογματιζόντων. ἄνωθεν μὲν οὖν ὁ νόμος, ὥσπερ προειρήκαμεν, τὸ οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις τῆς τοῦ πλησίον, τῆς τοῦ κυρίου προσεχοῦς κατὰ τὴν νέαν διαθήκην φωνῆς προαναπεφώνηκεν τῆς αὐτῆς αὐτοπροσώπως λεγούσης· ἠκούσατε τοῦ νόμου παραγγέλλοντος· οὐ μοιχεύσεις. ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω· οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις. ὅτι γὰρ σωφρόνως ἐβούλετο ταῖς γαμεταῖς χρῆσθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας ὁ νόμος καὶ ἐπὶ μόνῃ παιδοποιίᾳ, δῆλον ἐκ τοῦ κωλύειν μὲν τῇ αἰχμαλώτῳ παραχρῆμα ἐπιμίγνυσθαι τὸν ἄγαμον, ἐπιθυμήσαντος δὲ ἅπαξ τριάκοντα πενθεῖν ἐπιτρέπειν ἡμέρας κειραμένῃ καὶ τὰς τρίχας, εἰ δὲ μηδ' οὕτως μαραίνοιτο ἡ ἐπιθυμία, τότε παιδοποιεῖσθαι, δεδοκιμασμένης τῆς ὁρμῆς τῆς κυριευούσης κατὰ τὴν προθεσμίαν τοῦ χρόνου εἰς ὄρεξιν εὔλογον. ὅθεν οὐ δείξειας [ἂν] ἐγκύμονι πλησιάσαντα τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τινὰ κατὰ τὴν γραφήν, ἀλλ' ὕστερον μετά τε τὴν κυοφορίαν μετά τε τὴν τοῦ τεχθέντος γαλακτουχίαν εὕροις ἂν πάλιν πρὸς τῶν ἀνδρῶν γινωσκομένας τὰς γυναῖκας. αὐτίκα τοῦτον εὑρήσεις τὸν σκοπὸν καὶ τὸν τοῦ Μωυσέως πατέρα φυλάσσοντα, τριετίαν διαλιπόντα μετὰ τὴν τοῦ Ἀαρὼν ἀποκύησιν γεννήσαντα τὸν Μωσέα. ἥ τε αὖ Λευιτικὴ φυλὴ τοῦτον φυλάσσουσα τὸν τῆς φύσεως νόμον ἐκ θεοῦ ἐλάττων τὸν ἀριθμὸν παρὰ τὰς ἄλλας εἰς τὴν προκατηγγελμένην εἰσῆλθε γῆν· οὐ γὰρ ῥᾳδίως αὐξάνει γένος εἰς πολυπληθίαν σπειράντων μὲν τῶν ἀνδρῶν τῶν τὸν κατὰ τοὺς νόμους γάμον ἀναδεδεγμένων, ἀναμενόν των δὲ οὐ τὴν κυοφορίαν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν γαλακτουχίαν. ὅθεν εἰκότως καὶ ὁ Μωυσῆς κατ' ὀλίγον εἰς ἐγκράτειαν προβιβάζων τοὺς Ἰουδαίους τριῶν ἡμερῶν κατὰ τὸ ἑξῆς ἀπεσχημένους ἀφροδισίου ἡδονῆς προσέταξεν ἐπακούειν τῶν θείων λόγων. ἡμεῖς οὖν ναοὶ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐσμεν· καθὼς εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης, ὅτι ἐνοικήσω ἐν αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐμπεριπατήσω καὶ ἔσομαι αὐτῶν θεὸς καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μου λαός, ἐὰν κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς πολιτευώμεθα εἴτε ὁ καθ' ἕκαστον ἡμῶν εἴτε καὶ ἀθρόα ἡ ἐκκλησία. διὸ ἐξέλθετε ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν καὶ ἀφορίσθητε, λέγει κύριος, καὶ ἀκαθάρτου μὴ ἅπτεσθε· κἀγὼ εἰσδέξομαι ὑμᾶς καὶ ἔσομαι ὑμῖν εἰς πατέρα, καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔσεσθέ μοι εἰς υἱοὺς καὶ θυγατέρας, λέγει κύριος παντοκράτωρ. οὐ τῶν γεγαμηκότων, ὥς φασιν, ἀλλὰ τῶν ἐθνῶν τῶν ἐν πορνείᾳ βιούντων ἔτι, πρὸς δὲ καὶ τῶν προειρημένων αἱρέσεων ἀφορισθῆναι ὡς ἀκαθάρτων καὶ ἀθέων κελεύει προφητικῶς ἡμᾶς. ὅθεν καὶ ὁ Παῦλος, πρὸς τοὺς ὁμοίους ἀποτεινόμενος τοῖς εἰρημένοις, ταύτας οὖν ἔχετε τὰς ἐπαγγελίας φησίν, ἀγαπητοί· καθαρίσωμεν ἑαυτῶν τὰς καρδίας ἀπὸ παντὸς μολυσμοῦ σαρκὸς καὶ πνεύματος, ἐπιτελοῦντες ἁγιωσύνην ἐν φόβῳ θεοῦ· ζηλῶ γὰρ ὑμᾶς θεοῦ ζήλῳ, ἡρμοσάμην γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἑνὶ ἀνδρὶ παρθένον ἁγνὴν παραστῆσαι τῷ Χριστῷ. ἐκκλησία δὲ ἄλλον οὐ γαμεῖ τὸν νυμφίον κεκτημένη, ἀλλ' ὁ καθ' ἕκαστον ἡμῶν ἣν ἂν βούληται κατὰ τὸν νόμον γαμεῖν, τὸν πρῶτον λέγω γάμον, ἔχει τὴν ἐξουσίαν. φοβοῦμαι δὲ μή πως, ὡς ὁ ὄφις ἐξηπάτησεν Εὔαν ἐν τῇ πανουργίᾳ, φθαρῇ τὰ νοήματα ὑμῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ἁπλότητος τῆς εἰς τὸν Χριστόν, σφόδρα εὐλαβῶς καὶ διδασκαλικῶς εἴρηκεν ὁ ἀπόστολος. διὸ καὶ ὁ θαυμάσιος Πέτρος φησίν· ἀγαπητοί, παρακαλῶ ὡς παροίκους καὶ παρεπιδήμους ἀπέχεσθαι τῶν σαρκικῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν, αἵτινες στρατεύονται κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς, τὴν ἀναστροφὴν ὑμῶν καλὴν ἔχοντες ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν· ὅτι οὕτως ἐστὶ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ, ἀγαθοποιοῦντας φιμοῦν τὴν τῶν ἀφρόνων ἀνθρώπων ἐργασίαν, ὡς ἐλεύθεροι καὶ μὴ ὡς ἐπικάλυμμα ἔχοντες τῆς κακίας τὴν ἐλευθερίαν, ἀλλ' ὡς δοῦλοι θεοῦ. ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ὁ Παῦλος ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους ἐπιστολῇ γράφει· οἵτινες ἀπεθάνομεν τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ, πῶς ἔτι ζήσομεν ἐν αὐτῇ; ὅτι ὁ παλαιὸς ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπος συνεσταυρώθη, ἵνα καταργηθῇ τὸ σῶμα τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἕως μηδὲ παριστάνετε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν ὅπλα ἀδικίας τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ. Καὶ δὴ ἐνταῦθα γενόμενος δοκῶ μοι μὴ παραλείψειν ἀνεπιση μείωτον, ὅτι τὸν αὐτὸν θεὸν διὰ νόμου καὶ προφητῶν καὶ εὐαγγελίου ὁ ἀπόστολος κηρύσσει· τὸ γὰρ οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ γεγραμμένον τῷ νόμῳ περιτίθησιν ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους ἐπιστολῇ, ἕνα εἰδὼς τὸν διὰ νόμου καὶ προφητῶν κηρύξαντα καὶ τὸν δι' αὐτοῦ εὐαγγελισθέντα πατέρα. φησὶ γάρ· τί ἐροῦμεν; ὁ νόμος ἁμαρτία; μὴ γένοιτο· ἀλλὰ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἔγνων εἰ μὴ διὰ νόμου· τήν τε γὰρ ἐπιθυμίαν οὐκ ᾔδειν, εἰ μὴ ὁ νόμος ἔλεγεν· οὐκ ἐπιθυμήσεις. κἂν οἱ ἀντιτασσόμενοι τῶν ἑτεροδόξων προσαποτεινόμενον τὸν Παῦλον τῷ κτίστῃ εἰρηκέναι ὑπολάβωσι τὰ ἑξῆς οἶδα γὰρ ὅτι οὐκ οἰκεῖ ἐν ἐμοί, τουτέστιν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου, ἀγαθόν, ἀλλ' ἀναγινωσκόντων τὰ προειρημένα καὶ τὰ ἐπιφερόμενα· προεῖπε γάρ· ἀλλ' ἡ οἰκοῦσα ἐν ἐμοὶ ἁμαρτία, δι' ἣν ἀκόλουθον ἦν εἰπεῖν ὅτι οὐκ οἰκεῖ ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου ἀγαθόν. ἑπομένως [δ'] ἐπήγαγεν· εἰ δὲ ὃ οὐ θέλω, τοῦτο ἐγὼ ποιῶ, οὐκέτι ἐγὼ κατεργάζομαι αὐτό, ἀλλ' ἡ οἰκοῦσα ἐν ἐμοὶ ἁμαρτία, ἥτις ἀντιστρατευομένη τῷ νόμῳ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοῦ νοός μου, φησίν, αἰχμαλωτίζει με ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τῆς ἁμαρτίας τῷ ὄντι ἐν τοῖς μέλεσί μου. ταλαίπωρος ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπος· τίς με ῥύσεται ἐκ τοῦ σώματος τοῦ θανάτου τούτου; πάλιν τε αὖ (κάμνει γὰρ οὐδ' ὁπωστιοῦν ὠφελῶν) οὐκ ὀκνεῖ ἐπιλέγειν· ὁ γὰρ νόμος τοῦ πνεύματος ἠλευθέρωσέν με ἀπὸ τοῦ νόμου τῆς ἁμαρτίας καὶ τοῦ θανάτου, ἐπεὶ διὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ ὁ θεὸς κατέκρινεν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἐν τῇ σαρκί, ἵνα τὸ δικαίωμα τοῦ νόμου πληρωθῇ ἐν ἡμῖν τοῖς μὴ κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦσιν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ πνεῦμα. πρὸς τούτοις ἔτι ἐπισαφηνίζων τὰ προειρημένα ἐπιβοᾷ· τὸ μὲν σῶμα νεκρὸν δι' ἁμαρτίαν δηλῶν ὡς ὅτι μὴ νεώς, τάφος δ' ἐστὶν ἔτι τῆς ψυχῆς· ὁπηνίκα γὰρ ἁγιασθῇ τῷ θεῷ, τὸ πνεῦμα, ἐποίσει, τοῦ ἐγείραντος ἐκ νεκρῶν Ἰησοῦν οἰκεῖ ἐν ὑμῖν, ὃς ζωοποιήσει καὶ τὰ θνητὰ σώματα ὑμῶν διὰ τοῦ ἐνοικοῦντος αὐτοῦ πνεύματος ἐν ὑμῖν. αὖθις οὖν τοῖς φιληδόνοις ἐπιπλήττων ἐκεῖνα προστίθησι· τὸ γὰρ φρόνημα τῆς σαρκὸς θάνατος, ὅτι οἱ κατὰ σάρκα ζῶντες τὰ τῆς σαρκὸς φρονοῦσιν, καὶ τὸ φρόνημα τῆς σαρκὸς ἔχθρα εἰς θεόν· τῷ γὰρ νόμῳ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ὑποτάσσεται. οἱ δὲ ἐν σαρκὶ ὄντες, οὐχ ὥς τινες δογματίζουσι, θεῷ ἀρέσαι οὐ δύνανται, ἀλλ' ὡς προειρήκαμεν. εἶτα πρὸς ἀντιδιαστολὴν τούτων τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ φησίν· ὑμεῖς δὲ οὐκ ἐστὲ ἐν σαρκί, ἀλλ' ἐν πνεύματι, εἴπερ πνεῦμα θεοῦ οἰκεῖ ἐν ὑμῖν. εἰ δέ τις πνεῦμα Χριστοῦ οὐκ ἔχει, οὗτος οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῦ. εἰ δὲ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν, τὸ μὲν σῶμα νεκρὸν δι' ἁμαρτίαν, τὸ δὲ πνεῦμα ζωὴ διὰ δικαιοσύνην. ἄρα οὖν, ἀδελφοί, ὀφειλέται ἐσμέν, οὐ τῇ σαρκὶ τοῦ κατὰ σάρκα ζῆν. εἰ γὰρ κατὰ σάρκα ζῆτε, μέλλετε ἀποθνῄσκειν· εἰ δὲ πνεύματι τὰς πράξεις τοῦ σώματος θανατοῦτε, ζήσεσθε. ὅσοι γὰρ πνεύματι θεοῦ ἄγονται, οὗτοί εἰσιν υἱοὶ θεοῦ. καὶ πρὸς τὴν εὐγένειαν καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἐλευθερίαν τὴν καταπτύστως ὑπὸ τῶν ἑτεροδόξων εἰσαγομένην [τῶν] ἐπ' ἀσελγείᾳ καυχωμένων ἐπιφέρει λέγων· οὐ γὰρ ἐλάβετε πνεῦμα δουλείας πάλιν εἰς φόβον, ἀλλὰ ἐλάβετε πνεῦμα υἱοθεσίας, ἐν ᾧ κράζομεν· ἀββᾶ ὁ πατήρ· τουτέστιν εἰς τοῦτο ἐλάβομεν, ἵνα γινώσκωμεν τοῦτον ᾧ προσευχόμεθα, τὸν τῷ ὄντι πατέρα, τὸν τῶν ὄντων μόνον πατέρα, τὸν εἰς σωτηρίαν παιδεύοντα ὡς πατέρα καὶ τὸν φόβον † ἀπειλεῖ.