The Stromata, or Miscellanies

 Book I Chapter I.—Preface—The Author’s Object—The Utility of Written Compositions.

 Chapter II.—Objection to the Number of Extracts from Philosophical Writings in These Books Anticipated and Answered.

 Chapter III.—Against the Sophists.

 Chapter IV.—Human Arts as Well as Divine Knowledge Proceed from God.

 Chapter V.—Philosophy the Handmaid of Theology.

 Chapter VI.—The Benefit of Culture.

 Chapter VII.—The Eclectic Philosophy Paves the Way for Divine Virtue.

 Chapter VIII.—The Sophistical Arts Useless.

 Chapter IX.—Human Knowledge Necessary for the Understanding of the Scriptures.

 Chapter X.—To Act Well of Greater Consequence Than to Speak Well.

 Chapter XI.—What is the Philosophy Which the Apostle Bids Us Shun?

 Chapter XII.—The Mysteries of the Faith Not to Be Divulged to All.

 Chapter XIII.—All Sects of Philosophy Contain a Germ of Truth.

 Chapter XIV.—Succession of Philosophers in Greece.

 Chapter XV.—The Greek Philosophy in Great Part Derived from the Barbarians.

 Chapter XVI.—That the Inventors of Other Arts Were Mostly Barbarians.

 Chapter XVII.—On the Saying of the Saviour, “All that Came Before Me Were Thieves and Robbers.”

 Chapter XVIII.—He Illustrates the Apostle’s Saying, “I Will Destroy the Wisdom of the Wise.”

 Chapter XIX.—That the Philosophers Have Attained to Some Portion of Truth.

 Chapter XX.—In What Respect Philosophy Contributes to the Comprehension of Divine Truth.

 Chapter XXI.—The Jewish Institutions and Laws of Far Higher Antiquity Than the Philosophy of the Greeks.

 Chapter XXII.—On the Greek Translation of the Old Testament.

 Chapter XXIII.—The Age, Birth, and Life of Moses.

 Chapter XXIV.—How Moses Discharged the Part of a Military Leader.

 Chapter XXV.—Plato an Imitator of Moses in Framing Laws.

 Chapter XXVI.—Moses Rightly Called a Divine Legislator, And, Though Inferior to Christ, Far Superior to the Great Legislators of the Greeks, Minos and

 Chapter XXVII.—The Law, Even in Correcting and Punishing, Aims at the Good of Men.

 Chapter XXVIII.—The Fourfold Division of the Mosaic Law.

 Chapter XXIX.—The Greeks But Children Compared with the Hebrews.

 Book II. Chapter I.—Introductory.

 Chapter II.—The Knowledge of God Can Be Attained Only Through Faith.

 Chapter III.—Faith Not a Product of Nature.

 Chapter IV.—Faith the Foundation of All Knowledge.

 Chapter V.—He Proves by Several Examples that the Greeks Drew from the Sacred Writers.

 Chapter VI.—The Excellence and Utility of Faith.

 Chapter VII.—The Utility of Fear. Objections Answered.

 Chapter VIII.—The Vagaries of Basilides and Valentinus as to Fear Being the Cause of Things.

 Chapter IX.—The Connection of the Christian Virtues.

 Chapter X.—To What the Philosopher Applies Himself.

 Chapter XI.—The Knowledge Which Comes Through Faith the Surest of All.

 Chapter XII.—Twofold Faith.

 Chapter XIII.—On First and Second Repentance.

 Chapter XIV.—How a Thing May Be Involuntary.

 Chapter XV.—On the Different Kinds of Voluntary Actions, and the Sins Thence Proceeding.

 Chapter XVI.—How We are to Explain the Passages of Scripture Which Ascribe to God Human Affections.

 Chapter XVII.—On the Various Kinds of Knowledge.

 Chapter XVIII.—The Mosaic Law the Fountain of All Ethics, and the Source from Which the Greeks Drew Theirs.

 Chapter XIX.—The True Gnostic is an Imitator of God, Especially in Beneficence.

 Chapter XX.—The True Gnostic Exercises Patience and Self-Restraint.

 Chapter XXI.—Opinions of Various Philosophers on the Chief Good.

 Chapter XXII.—Plato’s Opinion, that the Chief Good Consists in Assimilation to God, and Its Agreement with Scripture.

 Chapter XXIII.—On Marriage.

 Book III. Caput I.—Basilidis Sententiam de Continentia Et Nuptiis Refutat.

 Caput II.—Carpocratis Et Epiphanis Sententiam de Feminarum Communitate Refutat.

 Caput III.—Quatenus Plato Aliique E Veteribus Præiverint Marcionitis Aliisque Hæreticis, Qui a Nuptiis Ideo Abstinent Quia Creaturam Malam Existimant

 Caput IV.—Quibus Prætextibus Utantur Hæretici ad Omnis Genetis Licentiam Et Libidinem Exercendam.

 Caput V.—Duo Genera Hæreticorum Notat: Prius Illorum Qui Omnia Omnibus Licere Pronuntiant, Quos Refutat.

 Caput VI.—Secundum Genus Hæreticorum Aggreditur, Illorum Scilicet Qui Ex Impia de Deo Omnium Conditore Sententia, Continentiam Exercent.

 Caput VII.—Qua in Re Christianorum Continentia Eam Quam Sibi Vindicant Philosophi Antecellat.

 Caput VIII.—Loca S. Scripturæ Ab Hæreticis in Vituperium Matrimonii Adducta Explicat Et Primo Verba Apostoli Romans 6:14, Ab Hæreticorum Perversa Int

 Caput IX.—Dictum Christi ad Salomen Exponit, Quod Tanquam in Vituperium Nuptiarum Prolatum Hæretici Allegabant.

 Caput X.—Verba Christi Matt. xviii. 20, Mystice Exponit.

 Caput XI.—Legis Et Christi Mandatum de Non Concupiscendo Exponit.

 Caput XII.—Verba Apostoli 1 Cor. vii. 5, 39, 40, Aliaque S. Scripturæ Loca Eodem Spectantia Explicat.

 Caput XIII.—Julii Cassiani Hæretici Verbis Respondet Item Loco Quem Ex Evangelio Apocrypho Idem Adduxerat.

 Caput XIV.—2 Cor. xi. 3, Et Eph. iv. 24, Exponit.

 Caput XV.—1 Cor. vii. 1 Luc. xiv. 26 Isa. lvi. 2, 3, Explicat.

 Caput XVI.—Jer. xx. 14 Job xiv. 3 Ps. l. 5 1 Cor. ix. 27, Exponit.

 Caput XVII.—Qui Nuptias Et Generationem Malas Asserunt, II Et Dei Creationem Et Ipsam Evangelii Dispensationem Vituperant.

 Caput XVIII.—Duas Extremas Opiniones Esse Vitandas: Primam Illorum Qui Creatoris Odio a Nuptiis Abstinent Alteram Illorum Qui Hinc Occasionem Arripiu

 Book IV. Chapter I.—Order of Contents.

 Chapter II.—The Meaning of the Name Stromata or Miscellanies.

 Chapter III.—The True Excellence of Man.

 Chapter IV.—The Praises of Martyrdom.

 Chapter V.—On Contempt for Pain, Poverty, and Other External Things.

 Chapter VI.—Some Points in the Beatitudes.

 Chapter VII.—The Blessedness of the Martyr.

 Chapter VIII.—Women as Well as Men, Slaves as Well as Freemen, Candidates for the Martyr’s Crown.

 Chapter IX.—Christ’s Sayings Respecting Martyrdom.

 Chapter X.—Those Who Offered Themselves for Martyrdom Reproved.

 Chapter XI.—The Objection, Why Do You Suffer If God Cares for You, Answered.

 Chapter XII.—Basilides’ Idea of Martyrdom Refuted.

 Chapter XIII.—Valentinian’s Vagaries About the Abolition of Death Refuted.

 Chapter XIV.—The Love of All, Even of Our Enemies.

 Chapter XV.—On Avoiding Offence.

 Chapter XVI.—Passages of Scripture Respecting the Constancy, Patience, and Love of the Martyrs.

 Chapter XVII.—Passages from Clement’s Epistle to the Corinthians on Martyrdom.

 Chapter XVIII.—On Love, and the Repressing of Our Desires.

 Chap. XIX.—Women as well as Men Capable of Perfection.

 Chapter XX.—A Good Wife.

 Chapter XXI.—Description of the Perfect Man, or Gnostic.

 Chapter XXII.—The True Gnostic Does Good, Not from Fear of Punishment or Hope of Reward, But Only for the Sake of Good Itself.

 Chapter XXIII.—The Same Subject Continued.

 Chapter XXIV.—The Reason and End of Divine Punishments.

 Chapter XXV.—True Perfection Consists in the Knowledge and Love of God.

 Chapter XXVI.—How the Perfect Man Treats the Body and the Things of the World.

 Book V. Chap. I.—On Faith.

 Chap. II.—On Hope.

 Chapter III.—The Objects of Faith and Hope Perceived by the Mind Alone.

 Chapter IV.—Divine Things Wrapped Up in Figures Both in the Sacred and in Heathen Writers.

 Chapter V.—On the Symbols of Pythagoras.

 Chapter VI.—The Mystic Meaning of the Tabernacle and Its Furniture.

 Chapter VII.—The Egyptian Symbols and Enigmas of Sacred Things.

 Chapter VIII.—The Use of the Symbolic Style by Poets and Philosophers.

 Chapter IX.—Reasons for Veiling the Truth in Symbols.

 Chapter X.—The Opinion of the Apostles on Veiling the Mysteries of the Faith.

 Chapter XI.—Abstraction from Material Things Necessary in Order to Attain to the True Knowledge of God.

 Chapter XII.—God Cannot Be Embraced in Words or by the Mind.

 Chapter XIII.—The Knowledge of God a Divine Gift, According to the Philosophers.

 Chapter XIV.—Greek Plagiarism from the Hebrews.

 Book VI. Chapter I.—Plan.

 Chapter II.—The Subject of Plagiarisms Resumed. The Greeks Plagiarized from One Another.

 Chapter III.—Plagiarism by the Greeks of the Miracles Related in the Sacred Books of the Hebrews.

 Chapter IV.—The Greeks Drew Many of Their Philosophical Tenets from the Egyptian and Indian Gymnosophists.

 Chapter V.—The Greeks Had Some Knowledge of the True God.

 Chapter VI.—The Gospel Was Preached to Jews and Gentiles in Hades.

 Chapter VII.—What True Philosophy Is, and Whence So Called.

 Chapter VIII.—Philosophy is Knowledge Given by God.

 Chapter IX.—The Gnostic Free of All Perturbations of the Soul.

 Chapter X.—The Gnostic Avails Himself of the Help of All Human Knowledge.

 Chapter XI.—The Mystical Meanings in the Proportions of Numbers, Geometrical Ratios, and Music.

 Chapter XII.—Human Nature Possesses an Adaptation for Perfection The Gnostic Alone Attains It.

 Chapter XIII.—Degrees of Glory in Heaven Corresponding with the Dignities of the Church Below.

 Chapter XIV.—Degrees of Glory in Heaven.

 Chapter XV.—Different Degrees of Knowledge.

 Chapter XVI.—Gnostic Exposition of the Decalogue.

 Chapter XVII.—Philosophy Conveys Only an Imperfect Knowledge of God.

 Chapter XVIII.—The Use of Philosophy to the Gnostic.

 Book VII. Chapter I.—The Gnostic a True Worshipper of God, and Unjustly Calumniated by Unbelievers as an Atheist.

 Chapter II.—The Son the Ruler and Saviour of All.

 Chapter III.—The Gnostic Aims at the Nearest Likeness Possible to God and His Son.

 Chapter IV.—The Heathens Made Gods Like Themselves, Whence Springs All Superstition.

 Chapter V.—The Holy Soul a More Excellent Temple Than Any Edifice Built by Man.

 Chapter VI.—Prayers and Praise from a Pure Mind, Ceaselessly Offered, Far Better Than Sacrifices.

 Chapter VII.—What Sort of Prayer the Gnostic Employs, and How It is Heard by God.

 Chapter VIII.—The Gnostic So Addicted to Truth as Not to Need to Use an Oath.

 Chapter IX.—Those Who Teach Others, Ought to Excel in Virtues.

 Chapter X.—Steps to Perfection.

 Chapter XI.—Description of the Gnostic’s Life.

 Chapter XII.—The True Gnostic is Beneficent, Continent, and Despises Worldly Things.

 Chapter XIII.—Description of the Gnostic Continued.

 Chapter XIV.—Description of the Gnostic Furnished by an Exposition of 1 Cor. vi. 1, Etc.

 Chapter XV.—The Objection to Join the Church on Account of the Diversity of Heresies Answered.

 Chapter XVI.—Scripture the Criterion by Which Truth and Heresy are Distinguished.

 Chapter XVII.—The Tradition of the Church Prior to that of the Heresies.

 Chapter XVIII—The Distinction Between Clean and Unclean Animals in the Law Symbolical of the Distinction Between the Church, and Jews, and Heretics.

 Book VIII. Chapter I.—The Object of Philosophical and Theological Inquiry—The Discovery of Truth.

 Chapter II.—The Necessity of Perspicuous Definition.

 Chapter III.—Demonstration Defined.

 Chapter IV.—To Prevent Ambiguity, We Must Begin with Clear Definition.

 Chapter V.—Application of Demonstration to Sceptical Suspense of Judgment.

 Chapter VI.—Definitions, Genera, and Species.

 Chapter VII.—On the Causes of Doubt or Assent.

 Chapter VIII.—The Method of Classifying Things and Names.

 Chapter IX.—On the Different Kinds of Cause.

Caput V.—Duo Genera Hæreticorum Notat: Prius Illorum Qui Omnia Omnibus Licere Pronuntiant, Quos Refutat.

Ne ergo hunc locum ungue amplius fodicantes plurium absurdalum hæresium meminerimus; nec rursus dum in singulis adversus unamquamque dicere necesse habemus, propterea pudore afficiamur, et nimis prolixos hos faciamus commenratios, age in duo dividentes omnes hæreses, eis respondeamus.671    [Elucidation V.] Aut enim docent indiscrete vivere: aut modum excedentes, per inpietatem et odium profitentur continentiam. Prius autem tractandum est de prima parte. Quod si quodlibet vitæ genus licet eligere, tum earn scilicet etiam licet, quæ est continens: et si electus tute poterit quodlibet vitæ genus sectari, manifestum est eam, quæ temperanter et secundum virtutem agitur, longe tutissimam esse. Nam cum “domino sabbati,” etiamsi intemperanter vivat, nulla ratio reddenda sit, multo magis qui vitam moderate et temperate instituit, nulli erit rationi reddendæ obnoxius. “Omnia enim licent, sed non omnia expediunt,”672    1 Cor. vi. 13, x. 23. ait Apostolus. Quod si omnia licent, videlicet moderatum quoque esse et temperantem. Quemadmodum ergo is est laudandus, qui libertate sua usus est ad vivendum ex virtute: ita multo magis qui dedit nobis liberam nostri potestatem, et concessit vivere ut vellemus, est venerandus et adorandus, quod non permiserit, ut nostra electio et vitatio cuiquam necessario serviret. Si est autem uterque æque securus, et qui incontinentiam, et qui continentiam elegerit, non est tamen ex æquo honestum et decorum. Qui enim impegit in voluptates, gratificatur corpori: temperans autem animam corporis dominam liberat a perturbationibus. Et si dicant nos “vocatos fuisse in libertatem, solummodo ne præbeamus libertatem, in occasionem carni,”673    Gal. v. 13. ex sententia Apostoli. Si autem cupiditati est obsequendum, et quæ probrosa estet turpis vita tanquam indifferens est eligenda, ut ipsi dicunt; aut cupiditatibus est omnino parendum, et si hoc ita est, facienda sunt quævis impudicissima et maxime nefaria, eos sequendo, qui nobis persuadent: ant sunt aliquæ declinandæ cupiclitates, et non est amplius vivendum indifferenter, neque est impudenter serviendum vilissimis et abjectissimis nostris partibus, ventri et pudendis, dum cupidate ducti nostro blandimur cadaveri. Nutritur enim et vivificatur cupiditas, dum ei voluptates ministrantur: quemadmodum rursus si impediatur et interturbetur, flaccescit. Quomodo autem fieri potest, ut qui victus est a voluptatibus corporis, Domino assimiletur, ant Dei habeat cognitionem? Omnis enim voluptatis principium est cupiditas: cupiditas autem est molestia et sollicitudo, quæ propter egestatem aliquid appetit. Quare nihil aliud mihi videntur, qui hanc vitæ ratiohem suscipiunt, quam quod dicitur,

Ultra ignominiam sentire dolores;

ut qui malum a se accersitum, nunc et in posterum eligant. Si ergo “omnia licerent,” nec timendum esset ne a spe excideremus propter malas actiones, esset fortasse eis aliquis præ textus, cur male viverent et miserabiliter. Quoniam autem vita beata nobis ostensa est per præcepta, quam oportet omnes sequentes, nec aliquid eorum, quæ dicta sunt, perperam intelligentes, nec eorum, quæ convenit, aliquid, etsi sit vel minimum, contemnentes, sequi quo Iogos ducit; quiâ, si ab eo aberraverimus, in malum immortale incidamus necesse est; si divinam autem Scripturam secuti fuerimus, per quam ingrediuntur, qui crediderunt, ut Domino, quoad fieri potest, assimilentur, non est vivendum indifferenter, sed pro viribus mundos esse oportet a voluptatibus et cupiditatibus, curaque est gerenda animæ, qua apud solum Deum perseverandum est. Mens enim, quæ est munda et ab omni vitio libera, est quodammodo apta ad potestatem Dei suscipiendam, cum divina in ea assurgat imago: “Et quicunque habet hanc spem in Domino, seipsum,” inquit, “mundum castumque facit, quatenus ille est castus.”674    John iii. 3. Ut ii autem accipiant Dei cognitionem, qui adhuc ducuntur ab affectibus, minime potest fieri: ergo nec ut finem assequantur, cum nullam habeant Dei cognitionem. Et eum quidem, qui hunc finem non assequitur, accusare videtur Dei ignoratio; ut Deus autem ignoretur, efficit vitæ institutio. Omnino enim fieri non potest, ut quis simul sit et scientia præditus, et blandiri corpori non erubescat. Neque enim potest unquam convenire, quod voluptas sit bonum, cure eo, quod bonum sit solum pulchrum et honesturn: vel etiam cure eo, quod solus sit pulcher Dominus, et solus bonus Dens, et solus amabilis. “In Christo autem circumcisi estis, circumcisione non manu facta, in exspoliatione corporis carnis, in circumcisione Christi.675    Col. ii. 11. Si ergo cum Christo consurrexistis, quæ sursum sunt quærite, quæ sursum sunt sapite, non quæ sunt super terram. Mortui enim estis, et vita vestra absconsa est cum Christo in Deo;” non autem ea, quam exercent, fornicatio. “Mortificate ergo membra, quæ sunt super terram, fornicationem, immunditiam, passionem, desiderium, propter quæ venit ira Dei. Deportant ergo ipsi quoque iram, indignationem, vitium, maledictum, turpem sermonem ex ore suo, exuentes veterem hominem cum concupiscentiis, et induentes novum, qui renovatur in agnitionem, ad imaginem ejus, qui creavit ipsum.”676    Col. iii. 4, 10. Vitæ enim institutio aperte eos arguit, qui mandata novere: qualis enim sermo, tails est vita. Arbor autem cognoscitur ex fructibus, non ex floribus et foliis ac ramis. Cognitio ergo est ex fructu et vitæ institutione, non ex sermone et flore. Non enim nudum sermonera dicimus esse cognitionem, sed quamdam divinam scientiam, et lucem illam, quæ innata animæ ex præceptorum obedientia, omnia, quæ per generationem oriuntur, manifesta facit, et hominem instruit, ut seipsum cognoscat, et qua ratione compos fieri possit, edocet. Quod enim oculus est in corpore, hoc est in mente cognitio. Neque dicant libertatem, qua quis voluptati servit, sicut ii, qui bilem dicunt dulcem. Nos enim didicimus libertatem, qua Dominus noster nos liberat a voluptatibus, eta cupiditatibus, et aliis perturbationibus solvens. “Qui dicit: Novi Dominum, et mandata ejus non setvat, mendax est, et in eo veritas non est,”677    1 John. ii. 4. ait Joannes.

Ἵν' οὖν μὴ ἐπὶ πλεῖον ὀνυχίζοντες τὸν τόπον πλειόνων ἀτόπων αἱρέσεων ἐπιμεμνώμεθα μηδ' αὖ καθ' ἑκάστην αὐτῶν λέγειν πρὸς ἑκάστην ἀναγκαζόμενοι αἰσχυνώμεθά τε ἐπ' αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐπὶ μήκιστον τὰ ὑπομνήματα προάγωμεν, φέρε εἰς δύο διελόντες τάγματα ἁπάσας τὰς αἱρέσεις ἀποκρινώμεθα αὐτοῖς. ἢ γάρ τοι ἀδιαφόρως ζῆν διδάσκουσιν, ἢ τὸ ὑπέρτονον ᾄδουσαι ἐγκράτειαν διὰ δυσσεβείας καὶ φιλαπεχθημοσύνης καταγγέλλουσι. πρότερον δὲ περὶ τοῦ προτέρου διαληπτέον τμήματος. εἰ πάντα ἔξεστιν ἑλέσθαι βίον, δῆλον ὅτι καὶ τὸν μετ' ἐγκρατείας, καὶ εἰ πᾶς βίος ἀκίνδυνος ἐκλεκτῷ, δῆλον ὅτι [ὁ] μετὰ ἀρετῆς καὶ σωφροσύνης πολὺ μᾶλλον ἀκίνδυνος· δοθείσης γὰρ ἐξουσίας τῷ κυρίῳ τοῦ σαββάτου, εἴπερ ἀκολάστως βιώσαι, ἀνεύθυνον εἶναι, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ κοσμίως πολιτευσάμενος οὐχ ὑπεύθυνος ἔσται· πάντα μὲν γὰρ ἔξεστιν, ἀλλ' οὐ πάντα συμφέρει, φησὶν ὁ ἀπόστολος. εἰ δὲ καὶ πάντα ἔξεστι, δῆλον ὅτι καὶ τὸ σωφρονεῖν. ὥσπερ οὖν ὁ τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ εἰς τὸ κατ' ἀρετὴν βιῶσαι συγχρησάμενος ἐπαινετός, οὕτω πολὺ μᾶλλον ὁ τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἡμῖν δεδωκὼς ἐλευθέραν καὶ κυρίαν καὶ συγχωρήσας ἡμῖν βιοῦν ὡς βουλόμεθα σεμνὸς καὶ προσκυνητός, μὴ ἐάσας δουλεύειν ἡμῶν κατὰ ἀνάγκην τὰς αἱρέσεις καὶ τὰς φυγάς. εἰ δὲ τὸ ἀδεὲς ἑκάτερος ἔχει, ὅ τε ἀκρασίαν ὅ τε ἐγκράτειαν ἑλόμενος, ἀλλὰ τὸ σεμνὸν οὐχ ὅμοιον. ὁ μὲν γὰρ εἰς ἡδονὰς ἐξοκείλας σώματι χαρίζεται, ὁ δὲ σώφρων τὴν κυρίαν τοῦ σώματος ψυχὴν ἐλευθεροῖ τῶν παθῶν. κἂν ἐπ' ἐλευθερίᾳ κεκλῆσθαι λέγωσιν ἡμᾶς, μόνον μὴ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν εἰς ἀφορμὴν τῇ σαρκὶ παρέχωμεν κατὰ τὸν ἀπόστολον· εἰ δὲ ἐπιθυμίᾳ χαριστέον καὶ τὸν ἐπονείδιστον βίον ἀδιάφορον ἡγητέον, ὡς αὐτοὶ λέγουσιν, ἤτοι πάντα ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις πειστέον, καί, εἰ τοῦτο, τὰ ἀσελγέστατα καὶ ἀνοσιώτατα πρακτέον ἅπαντα ἑπομένους τοῖς ἀνα πείθουσιν ἡμᾶς· ἢ τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν τινὰς ἐκκλινοῦμεν καὶ οὐκέτι ἀδιαφόρως βιωτέον οὐδὲ ἀνέδην δουλευτέον τοῖς ἀτιμοτάτοις μέρεσιν ἡμῶν, γαστρὶ καὶ αἰδοίοις, δι' ἐπιθυμίαν κολακευόντων τὸν ἡμέτερον νεκρόν. τρέφεται γὰρ καὶ ζωοποιεῖται διακονουμένη εἰς ἀπόλαυσιν ἐπιθυμία, καθάπερ ἔμπαλιν κολουομένη μαραίνεται. πῶς δέ ἐστι δυνατὸν ἡττηθέντα τῶν τοῦ σώματος ἡδονῶν ἐξομοιοῦσθαι τῷ κυρίῳ ἢ γνῶσιν ἔχειν θεοῦ; πάσης γὰρ ἡδονῆς ἐπιθυμία κατάρχει, ἐπιθυμία δὲ λύπη τις καὶ φροντὶς δι' ἔνδειαν ὀρεγομένη τινός. ὥστ' οὐκ ἄλλο τί μοι δοκοῦσιν οἱ τοῦτον ἐπανῃρημένοι τὸν τρόπον ἀλλ' ἢ τὸ λεγόμενον δὴ τοῦτο, πρός τ' αἴσχεσιν ἄλγεα πάσχειν, ἐπίσπαστον ἑαυτοῖς αἱρούμενοι κακὸν νῦν καὶ ἐς ὕστερον. εἰ μὲν οὖν πάντα ἐξῆν καὶ μηδὲν ἦν δέος ἀποτυχεῖν τῆς ἐλπίδος διὰ πράξεις πονηράς, ἴσως ἦν ἄν τις αὐτοῖς πρόφασις τοῦ βιοῦν κακῶς τε καὶ ἐλεεινῶς· ἐπεὶ δὲ βίος τις ἡμῖν μακάριος δι' ἐντολῶν ἐπιδέδεικται, ὧν χρὴ πάντας ἐχομένους μὴ παρακούοντας τῶν εἰρημένων τινὸς μηδὲ ὀλιγωροῦντας τῶν προσηκόντων, κἂν ἐλάχιστον ᾖ, ἕπεσθαι ᾗ ἂν ὁ λόγος ἡγῆται, εἰ [δὲ] σφαλείημεν αὐτοῦ, ἀθανάτῳ κακῷ περιπεσεῖν ἀνάγκη, κατακολουθήσασι δὲ τῇ θείᾳ γραφῇ, δι' ἧς ὁδεύουσιν οἱ πεπιστευκότες, ἐξομοιοῦσθαι κατὰ δύναμιν τῷ κυρίῳ, οὐκ ἀδιαφόρως βιωτέον, ἀλλὰ καθαρευτέον εἰς δύναμιν τῶν ἡδονῶν καὶ τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν ἐπιμελητέον τε τῆς ψυχῆς, ᾗ πρὸς μόνῳ τῷ θείῳ διατελεστέον. καθαρὸς γὰρ ὢν καὶ πάσης κακίας ἀπηλλαγμένος ὁ νοῦς δεκτικός πως ὑπάρχει τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ δυνάμεως, ἀνισταμένης ἐν αὐτῷ τῆς θείας εἰκόνος· καὶ πᾶς ὁ ἔχων τὴν ἐλπίδα ταύτην ἐπὶ τῷ κυρίῳ ἁγνίζει, φησίν, ἑαυτὸν καθὼς ἐκεῖνος ἁγνός ἐστιν. θεοῦ δὲ γνῶσιν λαβεῖν τοῖς ἔτι ὑπὸ τῶν παθῶν ἀγομένοις ἀδύνατον· οὐκοῦν οὐδὲ τῆς ἐλπίδος τυχεῖν μηδεμίαν τοῦ θεοῦ γνῶσιν [περι]πεποιημένοις· καὶ τοῦ μὲν ἀποτυγχάνοντος τοῦδε τοῦ τέλους ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄγνοια κατηγορεῖν ἔοικε, τὸ δὲ ἀγνοεῖν τὸν θεὸν ἡ τοῦ βίου πολιτεία παρίστησιν. παντάπασι γὰρ ἀδύνατον ἅμα τε καὶ ἐπιστή μονα εἶναι καὶ τὴν τοῦ σώματος κολακείαν [μὴ] ἐπαισχύνεσθαι· οὐδὲ γὰρ συνᾴδειν ποτὲ δύναται τὸ ἀγαθὸν εἶναι τὴν ἡδονὴν τῷ μόνον εἶναι τὸ καλὸν ἀγαθὸν ἢ καὶ μόνον καλὸν τὸν κύριον καὶ μόνον ἀγαθὸν τὸν θεὸν καὶ μόνον ἐραστόν. ἐν Χριστῷ δὲ περιετμήθητε περιτομῇ ἀχειροποιήτῳ ἐν τῇ ἀπεκδύσει τοῦ σώματος τῆς σαρκός, ἐν τῇ περιτομῇ τοῦ Χριστοῦ. εἰ οὖν συνηγέρθητε τῷ Χριστῷ, τὰ ἄνω ζητεῖτε, τὰ ἄνω φρονεῖτε, μὴ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. ἀπεθάνετε γάρ, καὶ ἡ ζωὴ ὑμῶν κέκρυπται σὺν τῷ Χριστῷ ἐν τῷ θεῷ, οὐχὶ δὲ πορνεία ἣν ἀσκοῦσιν. νεκρώσατε οὖν τὰ μέλη τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, πορνείαν, ἀκαθαρσίαν, πάθος, ἐπιθυμίαν, δι' ἃ ἔρχεται ἡ ὀργή. ἀποθέσθωσαν οὖν καὶ αὐτοὶ ὀργήν, θυμόν, κακίαν, βλασφημίαν, αἰσχρολογίαν ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτῶν, ἀπεκδυσάμενοι τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον σὺν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις, καὶ ἐνδυσάμενοι τὸν νέον τὸν ἀνακαινούμενον εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν κατ' εἰκόνα τοῦ κτίσαντος αὐτόν. τὰ γὰρ τῆς πολιτείας ἐλέγχει σαφῶς τοὺς ἐγνωκότας τὰς ἐντολάς, ἐπεὶ οὐχ οἷος ὁ λόγος τοῖος ὁ βίος· ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν καρπῶν τὸ δένδρον, οὐκ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθῶν καὶ πετάλων, γνωρίζεται. ἡ γνῶσις οὖν ἐκ τοῦ καρποῦ καὶ τῆς πολιτείας, οὐκ ἐκ τοῦ λόγου καὶ τοῦ ἄνθους· οὐ γὰρ λόγον ψιλὸν εἶναι τὴν γνῶσίν φαμεν, ἀλλά τινα ἐπιστήμην θείαν καὶ φῶς ἐκεῖνο τὸ ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ ἐγγενόμενον ἐκ τῆς κατὰ τὰς ἐντολὰς ὑπακοῆς τὸ πάντα κατάδηλα ποιοῦν τὰ τε ἐν γενέσει αὐτόν τε τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἑαυτόν τε γινώσκειν παρασκευάζον καὶ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπήβολον καθίστασθαι διδάσκον. ὃ γὰρ ὀφθαλμὸς ἐν σώματι, τοῦτο ἐν τῷ νῷ ἡ γνῶσις. μηδὲ λεγόντων ἐλευθερίαν τὴν ὑπὸ ἡδονῆς δουλείαν, καθάπερ οἱ τὴν χολὴν γλυκεῖαν· ἡμεῖς γὰρ ἐλευθερίαν μεμαθήκαμεν ἣν ὁ κύριος ἡμᾶς ἐλευθεροῖ μόνος, ἀπολύων τῶν ἡδονῶν τε καὶ τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων παθῶν. ὁ λέγων, ἔγνωκα τὸν κύριον, καὶ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ μὴ τηρῶν ψεύστης ἐστίν, καὶ ἐν τούτῳ ἡ ἀλήθεια οὐκ ἔστιν, Ἰωάννης λέγει.