The Stromata, or Miscellanies

 Book I Chapter I.—Preface—The Author’s Object—The Utility of Written Compositions.

 Chapter II.—Objection to the Number of Extracts from Philosophical Writings in These Books Anticipated and Answered.

 Chapter III.—Against the Sophists.

 Chapter IV.—Human Arts as Well as Divine Knowledge Proceed from God.

 Chapter V.—Philosophy the Handmaid of Theology.

 Chapter VI.—The Benefit of Culture.

 Chapter VII.—The Eclectic Philosophy Paves the Way for Divine Virtue.

 Chapter VIII.—The Sophistical Arts Useless.

 Chapter IX.—Human Knowledge Necessary for the Understanding of the Scriptures.

 Chapter X.—To Act Well of Greater Consequence Than to Speak Well.

 Chapter XI.—What is the Philosophy Which the Apostle Bids Us Shun?

 Chapter XII.—The Mysteries of the Faith Not to Be Divulged to All.

 Chapter XIII.—All Sects of Philosophy Contain a Germ of Truth.

 Chapter XIV.—Succession of Philosophers in Greece.

 Chapter XV.—The Greek Philosophy in Great Part Derived from the Barbarians.

 Chapter XVI.—That the Inventors of Other Arts Were Mostly Barbarians.

 Chapter XVII.—On the Saying of the Saviour, “All that Came Before Me Were Thieves and Robbers.”

 Chapter XVIII.—He Illustrates the Apostle’s Saying, “I Will Destroy the Wisdom of the Wise.”

 Chapter XIX.—That the Philosophers Have Attained to Some Portion of Truth.

 Chapter XX.—In What Respect Philosophy Contributes to the Comprehension of Divine Truth.

 Chapter XXI.—The Jewish Institutions and Laws of Far Higher Antiquity Than the Philosophy of the Greeks.

 Chapter XXII.—On the Greek Translation of the Old Testament.

 Chapter XXIII.—The Age, Birth, and Life of Moses.

 Chapter XXIV.—How Moses Discharged the Part of a Military Leader.

 Chapter XXV.—Plato an Imitator of Moses in Framing Laws.

 Chapter XXVI.—Moses Rightly Called a Divine Legislator, And, Though Inferior to Christ, Far Superior to the Great Legislators of the Greeks, Minos and

 Chapter XXVII.—The Law, Even in Correcting and Punishing, Aims at the Good of Men.

 Chapter XXVIII.—The Fourfold Division of the Mosaic Law.

 Chapter XXIX.—The Greeks But Children Compared with the Hebrews.

 Book II. Chapter I.—Introductory.

 Chapter II.—The Knowledge of God Can Be Attained Only Through Faith.

 Chapter III.—Faith Not a Product of Nature.

 Chapter IV.—Faith the Foundation of All Knowledge.

 Chapter V.—He Proves by Several Examples that the Greeks Drew from the Sacred Writers.

 Chapter VI.—The Excellence and Utility of Faith.

 Chapter VII.—The Utility of Fear. Objections Answered.

 Chapter VIII.—The Vagaries of Basilides and Valentinus as to Fear Being the Cause of Things.

 Chapter IX.—The Connection of the Christian Virtues.

 Chapter X.—To What the Philosopher Applies Himself.

 Chapter XI.—The Knowledge Which Comes Through Faith the Surest of All.

 Chapter XII.—Twofold Faith.

 Chapter XIII.—On First and Second Repentance.

 Chapter XIV.—How a Thing May Be Involuntary.

 Chapter XV.—On the Different Kinds of Voluntary Actions, and the Sins Thence Proceeding.

 Chapter XVI.—How We are to Explain the Passages of Scripture Which Ascribe to God Human Affections.

 Chapter XVII.—On the Various Kinds of Knowledge.

 Chapter XVIII.—The Mosaic Law the Fountain of All Ethics, and the Source from Which the Greeks Drew Theirs.

 Chapter XIX.—The True Gnostic is an Imitator of God, Especially in Beneficence.

 Chapter XX.—The True Gnostic Exercises Patience and Self-Restraint.

 Chapter XXI.—Opinions of Various Philosophers on the Chief Good.

 Chapter XXII.—Plato’s Opinion, that the Chief Good Consists in Assimilation to God, and Its Agreement with Scripture.

 Chapter XXIII.—On Marriage.

 Book III. Caput I.—Basilidis Sententiam de Continentia Et Nuptiis Refutat.

 Caput II.—Carpocratis Et Epiphanis Sententiam de Feminarum Communitate Refutat.

 Caput III.—Quatenus Plato Aliique E Veteribus Præiverint Marcionitis Aliisque Hæreticis, Qui a Nuptiis Ideo Abstinent Quia Creaturam Malam Existimant

 Caput IV.—Quibus Prætextibus Utantur Hæretici ad Omnis Genetis Licentiam Et Libidinem Exercendam.

 Caput V.—Duo Genera Hæreticorum Notat: Prius Illorum Qui Omnia Omnibus Licere Pronuntiant, Quos Refutat.

 Caput VI.—Secundum Genus Hæreticorum Aggreditur, Illorum Scilicet Qui Ex Impia de Deo Omnium Conditore Sententia, Continentiam Exercent.

 Caput VII.—Qua in Re Christianorum Continentia Eam Quam Sibi Vindicant Philosophi Antecellat.

 Caput VIII.—Loca S. Scripturæ Ab Hæreticis in Vituperium Matrimonii Adducta Explicat Et Primo Verba Apostoli Romans 6:14, Ab Hæreticorum Perversa Int

 Caput IX.—Dictum Christi ad Salomen Exponit, Quod Tanquam in Vituperium Nuptiarum Prolatum Hæretici Allegabant.

 Caput X.—Verba Christi Matt. xviii. 20, Mystice Exponit.

 Caput XI.—Legis Et Christi Mandatum de Non Concupiscendo Exponit.

 Caput XII.—Verba Apostoli 1 Cor. vii. 5, 39, 40, Aliaque S. Scripturæ Loca Eodem Spectantia Explicat.

 Caput XIII.—Julii Cassiani Hæretici Verbis Respondet Item Loco Quem Ex Evangelio Apocrypho Idem Adduxerat.

 Caput XIV.—2 Cor. xi. 3, Et Eph. iv. 24, Exponit.

 Caput XV.—1 Cor. vii. 1 Luc. xiv. 26 Isa. lvi. 2, 3, Explicat.

 Caput XVI.—Jer. xx. 14 Job xiv. 3 Ps. l. 5 1 Cor. ix. 27, Exponit.

 Caput XVII.—Qui Nuptias Et Generationem Malas Asserunt, II Et Dei Creationem Et Ipsam Evangelii Dispensationem Vituperant.

 Caput XVIII.—Duas Extremas Opiniones Esse Vitandas: Primam Illorum Qui Creatoris Odio a Nuptiis Abstinent Alteram Illorum Qui Hinc Occasionem Arripiu

 Book IV. Chapter I.—Order of Contents.

 Chapter II.—The Meaning of the Name Stromata or Miscellanies.

 Chapter III.—The True Excellence of Man.

 Chapter IV.—The Praises of Martyrdom.

 Chapter V.—On Contempt for Pain, Poverty, and Other External Things.

 Chapter VI.—Some Points in the Beatitudes.

 Chapter VII.—The Blessedness of the Martyr.

 Chapter VIII.—Women as Well as Men, Slaves as Well as Freemen, Candidates for the Martyr’s Crown.

 Chapter IX.—Christ’s Sayings Respecting Martyrdom.

 Chapter X.—Those Who Offered Themselves for Martyrdom Reproved.

 Chapter XI.—The Objection, Why Do You Suffer If God Cares for You, Answered.

 Chapter XII.—Basilides’ Idea of Martyrdom Refuted.

 Chapter XIII.—Valentinian’s Vagaries About the Abolition of Death Refuted.

 Chapter XIV.—The Love of All, Even of Our Enemies.

 Chapter XV.—On Avoiding Offence.

 Chapter XVI.—Passages of Scripture Respecting the Constancy, Patience, and Love of the Martyrs.

 Chapter XVII.—Passages from Clement’s Epistle to the Corinthians on Martyrdom.

 Chapter XVIII.—On Love, and the Repressing of Our Desires.

 Chap. XIX.—Women as well as Men Capable of Perfection.

 Chapter XX.—A Good Wife.

 Chapter XXI.—Description of the Perfect Man, or Gnostic.

 Chapter XXII.—The True Gnostic Does Good, Not from Fear of Punishment or Hope of Reward, But Only for the Sake of Good Itself.

 Chapter XXIII.—The Same Subject Continued.

 Chapter XXIV.—The Reason and End of Divine Punishments.

 Chapter XXV.—True Perfection Consists in the Knowledge and Love of God.

 Chapter XXVI.—How the Perfect Man Treats the Body and the Things of the World.

 Book V. Chap. I.—On Faith.

 Chap. II.—On Hope.

 Chapter III.—The Objects of Faith and Hope Perceived by the Mind Alone.

 Chapter IV.—Divine Things Wrapped Up in Figures Both in the Sacred and in Heathen Writers.

 Chapter V.—On the Symbols of Pythagoras.

 Chapter VI.—The Mystic Meaning of the Tabernacle and Its Furniture.

 Chapter VII.—The Egyptian Symbols and Enigmas of Sacred Things.

 Chapter VIII.—The Use of the Symbolic Style by Poets and Philosophers.

 Chapter IX.—Reasons for Veiling the Truth in Symbols.

 Chapter X.—The Opinion of the Apostles on Veiling the Mysteries of the Faith.

 Chapter XI.—Abstraction from Material Things Necessary in Order to Attain to the True Knowledge of God.

 Chapter XII.—God Cannot Be Embraced in Words or by the Mind.

 Chapter XIII.—The Knowledge of God a Divine Gift, According to the Philosophers.

 Chapter XIV.—Greek Plagiarism from the Hebrews.

 Book VI. Chapter I.—Plan.

 Chapter II.—The Subject of Plagiarisms Resumed. The Greeks Plagiarized from One Another.

 Chapter III.—Plagiarism by the Greeks of the Miracles Related in the Sacred Books of the Hebrews.

 Chapter IV.—The Greeks Drew Many of Their Philosophical Tenets from the Egyptian and Indian Gymnosophists.

 Chapter V.—The Greeks Had Some Knowledge of the True God.

 Chapter VI.—The Gospel Was Preached to Jews and Gentiles in Hades.

 Chapter VII.—What True Philosophy Is, and Whence So Called.

 Chapter VIII.—Philosophy is Knowledge Given by God.

 Chapter IX.—The Gnostic Free of All Perturbations of the Soul.

 Chapter X.—The Gnostic Avails Himself of the Help of All Human Knowledge.

 Chapter XI.—The Mystical Meanings in the Proportions of Numbers, Geometrical Ratios, and Music.

 Chapter XII.—Human Nature Possesses an Adaptation for Perfection The Gnostic Alone Attains It.

 Chapter XIII.—Degrees of Glory in Heaven Corresponding with the Dignities of the Church Below.

 Chapter XIV.—Degrees of Glory in Heaven.

 Chapter XV.—Different Degrees of Knowledge.

 Chapter XVI.—Gnostic Exposition of the Decalogue.

 Chapter XVII.—Philosophy Conveys Only an Imperfect Knowledge of God.

 Chapter XVIII.—The Use of Philosophy to the Gnostic.

 Book VII. Chapter I.—The Gnostic a True Worshipper of God, and Unjustly Calumniated by Unbelievers as an Atheist.

 Chapter II.—The Son the Ruler and Saviour of All.

 Chapter III.—The Gnostic Aims at the Nearest Likeness Possible to God and His Son.

 Chapter IV.—The Heathens Made Gods Like Themselves, Whence Springs All Superstition.

 Chapter V.—The Holy Soul a More Excellent Temple Than Any Edifice Built by Man.

 Chapter VI.—Prayers and Praise from a Pure Mind, Ceaselessly Offered, Far Better Than Sacrifices.

 Chapter VII.—What Sort of Prayer the Gnostic Employs, and How It is Heard by God.

 Chapter VIII.—The Gnostic So Addicted to Truth as Not to Need to Use an Oath.

 Chapter IX.—Those Who Teach Others, Ought to Excel in Virtues.

 Chapter X.—Steps to Perfection.

 Chapter XI.—Description of the Gnostic’s Life.

 Chapter XII.—The True Gnostic is Beneficent, Continent, and Despises Worldly Things.

 Chapter XIII.—Description of the Gnostic Continued.

 Chapter XIV.—Description of the Gnostic Furnished by an Exposition of 1 Cor. vi. 1, Etc.

 Chapter XV.—The Objection to Join the Church on Account of the Diversity of Heresies Answered.

 Chapter XVI.—Scripture the Criterion by Which Truth and Heresy are Distinguished.

 Chapter XVII.—The Tradition of the Church Prior to that of the Heresies.

 Chapter XVIII—The Distinction Between Clean and Unclean Animals in the Law Symbolical of the Distinction Between the Church, and Jews, and Heretics.

 Book VIII. Chapter I.—The Object of Philosophical and Theological Inquiry—The Discovery of Truth.

 Chapter II.—The Necessity of Perspicuous Definition.

 Chapter III.—Demonstration Defined.

 Chapter IV.—To Prevent Ambiguity, We Must Begin with Clear Definition.

 Chapter V.—Application of Demonstration to Sceptical Suspense of Judgment.

 Chapter VI.—Definitions, Genera, and Species.

 Chapter VII.—On the Causes of Doubt or Assent.

 Chapter VIII.—The Method of Classifying Things and Names.

 Chapter IX.—On the Different Kinds of Cause.

Caput IV.—Quibus Prætextibus Utantur Hæretici ad Omnis Genetis Licentiam Et Libidinem Exercendam.

Ex iis autem, qui ab hæresi ducuntur, Marciohis quidem Pontici fecimus mentionem, qui propter certamen, quod adversus Creatorem suscepit, mundanarum rerum usum recusat. Ei autem continentiæ causa est, si modo est ea dicenda continentia, ipse Creator, cui se adversari existimans gigas iste cum Deo pugnans, est invitus continens, dum in creationem et Dei opus invehitur. Quod si usurpent vocem Domini, qui dicit Philippo: “Sine mortuos sepelire mortuos suos, tu autem sequere me:”645    Matt. viii. 22; Luke ix. 60. at illud considerent, quod similem cam is formationem fert quoque Philippus, non habens cadaver pollutum. Quomodo ergo cum carhem haberet, non habuit cadaver? Quoniam surrexit ex monumento, Domino ejus vitia morte afficiente, vixit autem Christo. Meminimus autem nefariæ quoque ex Carpocratis sententia mulierum communionis. Cum autem de dicto Nicolai loqueremur, illud præ termisimus: Cum formosam, aiunt, haberet uxorem, et post Servatoris assumptionem ei fuisset ab apostolis exprobrata zelotypia, in medium adducta muliere, permisit cui vellet eam nubere. Aiunt enim hanc actionem illi voci consentaneam, quæ dicit, quod “carne abuti oporteat.” Proinde ejus factum et dictum absolute et inconsiderate sequentes, qui ejus hæresim persequuntur, impudenter effuseque fornicantur. Ego autem audio Nicolaum quidem nulla unquam alia, quam ea, quæ ei nupserat, uxore usum esse; et ex illius liberis, filias quidem consenuisse virgines, filium autem permansisse incorruptum. Quæ cum ita se habeant, vitii erat depulsio atque expurgatio, in medium apostolorum circumactio uxoris, cujus dicebatur laborare zelotypia: et continentia a voluptatibus, quæ magno studio parari solent, docebat illud, “abuti carne,” hoc est, exercere carnem. Neque enim, ut existimo, volebant, convenienter Domini præcepto, “duobus dominis servire,”646    Matt. vi. 24; Luke xvi. 13. voluptati et Deo. Dicunt itaque Matthiam647    [Elucidation IV.] quoque sic docuisse: “Cum carne quidem pugnare, et ea uti, nihil ei impudicum largiendo ad voluptatem; augere autem animam per fidem et cognitionem.” Sunt autem, qui etiam publicam venerem pronuntiant mysticam communionem; et sic ipsum nomen contumelia afficiunt. Sicut enim operari eum dicimus, tum qui malum aliquod facit, tum etiam qui bonum, idem nomen utrique tribuentes; haud aliter “communio” usurpari solet; nam bona quidem est in communicatione tum peeuniæ, tum nutrimenti et yestitus: illi autem quamlibet veneream conjunctionem impie vocaverunt “communionem.” Dicunt itaque ex iis quemdam, cum ad hostram virginem vultu formosam accessisset, dixisse: Scriptum est: “Da omni te petenti:”648    Matt. v. 24; Luke vi. 30. illam autem honeste admodum respondisse, ut quse non intelligeret hominis petulantiam: At tu matrem conveni de matrimonio. O impietatem! etiam voces Domini ementiuntur isti intemperantiæ communicatores, fratresque libidinis, non solum probrum philosophiæ, sed etiam totius vitæ; qui veritatem, quantum in eis situm est, adulterant ac corrumpunt, vel potius defodiunt; homines infelicissimi carnalem concubitus communionem consecrant, et hanc ipsos putant ad regnum Dei perducere. Ad lupanaria ergo deducithæc communio, et cure eis communicaverint sues et hirci, maximaque apud illos in spe fuerint meretrices, quæ in prostibulis præsto sunt, et volentes omnes admittunt. “Vos autem non sic Christum didicistis, siquidem ipsum audiistis, et in eo docti estis, quemadmodum est veritas in Christo Jesu, ut deponatis quæ sunt secundum veterem conversationem, veterem hominem, qui corrumpitur secundum desideria deceptionis. Renovamini autem spiritu mentis vestræ, et induatis novum hominem, qui creatus est secundum Deum in justitia et sanctitate veritatis,”649    Eph. iv. 20–24. ad Dei similitudinem. “Efficimini ergo Dei imitatores, ut filii dilecti, et ambulate in dilectione, sicut Christus quoque dilexit nos, et tradidit seipsum pro nobis oblationem et hostiam Deo in odorem suavitatis. Fornicatio autem, et omnis immunditia, vel avaritia, ne nominetur quidem in vobis, sicut decet sanctos, et turpitudo, et stultiloquium.”650    Eph. v. 1–4. Etenim docens Apostolus meditari vel ipsa voce esse castos, scribit: “Hoc enim scitote, quod omnis fornicator,” et cætera, usque ad illud: “Magis autem arguite.”651    Eph. v. 5–11. Effluxit autem eis dogma ex quodam apocrypho libro. Atque adeo afferam dictionem, quæ mater eorum intemperantiæ et origo est: et sive ipsi hujus libri scriptores se fateantur, en eorum recordiam, licet Deo eum falso ascribant libidinis intemperantia ducti: sive ab aliis, eos perverse audientes, hoc præclarum dogma acceperint, sic porto se habent ejus verba: “Unum erant omnia: postquam autem ejus unitati visum est non esse solam, exiit ab eo inspiratio, et cum ea iniit communionem, et fecit dilectum. Exhinc autem egressa est ab ipso inspiratio, cum qua cure communionem iniisset, fecit porestates, quæ nec possunt videri nec audiri,” usque ad illud, “unamquamque in nomine proprio.” Si enim hi quoque, sicut Valentiniani, spiritales posuissent communiones, suscepisset forte aliquis eorum opinionem: carnalis autem libidinis communionem ad sanctam inducere prophetiam, est ejus qui desperat salutem. Talia etiam statuunt Prodici quoque asseclæ, qui seipsos falso nomine vocant Gnosticos: seipsos quidem dicentes esse natura filios primi Dei; ea vero nobilitate et libertate abutentes, vivunt ut volunt; volunt autem libidinose; se nulla re teneri arbitrati, ut “domini sabbati,” et qui sint quovis genere superiores, filii regales. Regi autem, inquiunt, lex scripta non est. Primum quidem, quod non faciant omnia quæ volunt: multa enim cos prohibebunt, etsi cupiant et conentur. Quinetiam quæ faciunt, non faciunt ut reges, sed ut mastigiæ: clanculum enim commitrunt adulteria, timerites ne deprehendantur, et vitantes ne condemntur, et metuentes ne supplicio afficiantur. Quomodo etiam res est libera, intemperantia et turpis sermo? “Omnis enim, qui peccat, est servus,” inquit Apostolus.652    Rom. vi. 16. Sed quomodo vitiam ex Deo instituit, qui seipsum præ buit dedititium cuivis concupiscentiæ? cum dixerit Dominus: “Ego autem dico: Ne concupiscas.” Vultne autem aliquis sua sponte peccare, et decernere adulteria esse committenda, voluptatibusque et deliciis se explendum, et aliorum violanda matrimonia, cum aliorum etiam, qui inviti peccant, misereamur? Quod si in externum mundum venerint, qui in alieno non fuerint fideles, verum non babebunt. Afficit autem hospes aliquis elves contumelia, et eis injuriam facit; et non potius ut peregrinus, utens necessariis, vivit, cives non offendens? Quomodo autem, cum eadem faciant, ac ii, quos gentes odio habent, quod legibus obtemperare nolint, nempe iniqui, et incontinentes, et avari, et adulteri, dicunt se solos Deum nosse? Oporteret enim eos, cum in alienis adsunt, recte vivere, ut revera regiam indolem ostenderent. Jam vero et humanos legislatores, et divinam legera habent sibi infensam, cum inique et præter leges vivere instituerint. Is certe, qui scortatorein “confodit,” a Deo plus esse ostenditur in Numeris. “Et si dixerimus,” inquit Joannes in epistola, “quod societatem habemus cum eo,” nempe Deo, “et in tenebris ambulamus, mentitour, et veritatem non facimus. Si autem in luce ambulamus, sicut et ipse est in luce, societatem habemus cum ipso, et sanguis Jesu filii ejus emundat nos a peccato.”653    Num. xxv. 8; 1 John i. 6, 7. Quomodo ergo sunt hi hujus mundi hominibus meliores, qui hæc faciunt, et vel pessimis hujus mundi sunt similes? sunt enim, ut arbitror, similes natura, qui sunt factis similes. Quibus autem se esse censent nobilitate superiores, eos debent etiam superare moribus, ut vitent ne includantur in carcere. Revera enim, ut dixit Dominus: “Nisi abundavetit justitia vestra plus quam scribarum et Pharisæorum, non intrabitis in regnum Dei.”654    Matt. v. 20. De abstinentia autem a cibis ostenditur a Daniele.655    Dan. i. 1. Ut semel autem dicam, de obedientia dicit psallens David: “In quo diriget junior viam suam?”656    Ps. cxviii. 9. Et statim audit: “In custodiendo sermones tuos in toto corde.” Et dicit Jeremias: “Hæc autem dicit Dominus: Per vias gentium ne ambulaveritis.”657    Jer. x. 2. Hinc moti aliqui alii, pusilli et nullius pretii, dicunt formatum fuisse hominem a diversis potestatibus: et quæ sunt quidem usque ad umbilicum esse artis divinioris; quæ autem subter, minoris; qua de causa coitum quoque appetere. Non animadvertunt autem, quod superiores quoque partes nutrimentum appetunt, et quibusdam libidinantur. Adversantur autem Christo quoque, qui dixit Pharisæis, eundem Deum et “internum” nostrum et “externum” fecisse hominem.658    Luke xi. 40. Quinetiam appetitio non est corporis, etsi fiat per corpus. Quidam alii, quos etiam vocamus Antitactas, hoc est “adversarios” et repugnantes, dicunt quod Deus quidera universorum noster est natura pater, et omnia quæ cunque fecit, bona sunt; unus autem quispiam ex iis, qui ab ipso facti sunt, seminatis zizaniis, malorum naturam generavit: quibus etiam nos omnes implicavit, ut nos efficeret Patri adversarios. Quare nos etiam ipsi huic adversamur ad Patrem ulciscendum, contra secundi voluntatem facientes. Quoniam ergo hic dixit: “Non mœchaberis:” nos, inquiunt, mœchamur, ut ejus mandatum dissolvamus. Quibus responderimus quoque, quod pseudoprophetas, et eos qui veritatem simulant, ex operibus cognosci accepimus: si male audiunt autem vestra opera, quomodo adhuc dicetis vos veritatem tenere? Aut enim nullum est malum, et non est utique dignus reprehensione is, quem vos insimulatis, ut qui Deo sit adversatus, neque fuit alicujus mali effector; una enim cum malo arbor quoque interimitur: aut si est malum ac consistit, dicant nobis, quid dicunt esse ea, quæ data sunt, præcepta, de justitia, de continentia, de tolerantia, de patientia, et iis, quæ sunt hujusmodi, bona an mala? et si fuerit quidera malum præceptum, quod plurima prohibet facere turpia, adversus seipsum legem feret vitium, ut seipsum dissolvat, quod quidem non potest fieri; sin autem bonum, cure bonis adversentur præceptis, se bono adversari, et mala facere confitentur. Jam vero ipse quoque Servator, cui soil censent esse parendum, odio bere, et maledictis insequi prohibuit et, “Cum adversario,” inquit, “vadens, ejus amicus conare discedere.”659    Matt. v. 25.; Luke xii. 58. Aut ergo Christi quoque negabunt suasionem, adversantes adversario: aut, si sint amici, contra eum certamen suscipere nolunt. Quid vero? an nescitis, viri egregii (loquor enim tanquam præsentibus), quod cure præceptis, quæ se recte habent, pugnantes, propriæ saluti resistis? Non enim ea, quæ sunt utiliter edicta, sed vos ipsos evertitis. Et Dominus: “Luceant” quidera, inquit, “bona vestra opera:”660    Matt. v. 16. vos autem libidines et intemperantias vestras manifestas redditis. Et alioqui si vultis legislatoris præcepta dissolvere, quanam de causa, illud quidem: “Non mœchaberis;” et hoc: “Stuprom puero non inferes,” et quæ cunque ad continentiam conferunt, dissolvere conamini, propter vestram intemperantiam non dissolvitis autem, quæ ab ipso fit, hiemem, ut media adhuc hieme æstatem faciatis: neque terram navigabilem, mare autem pedibus pervium, facitis, ut qui historias composuerunt, barbarum Xerxem dicunt voluisse facere? Cur vero non omnibus præceptis repugnatis? Nam cum ille dicat; “Crescite et multiplicamini,”661    Gen. i. 28, ix. 1. oporteret vos, qui adversamini, nullo modo uti coitu. Et cure dixit: “Dedi vobis omnia ad vescendum”662    Gen. i. 29; ix. 2, 3. et fruendum, vos nullo frui oportuit. Quinetiam eo dicente: “Oculum pro oculo,”663    Ex. xxi. 24. oportuit vos decertationem contraria non rependere decertatione. Et cure furem jusserit reddere “quadruplum,”664    Ex. xxii. 1. oportuit vos furl aliquid etiam adhere. Rursus vero similiter, cum præcepto: “Diliges Deum tuum ex toto corde tuo,”665    Deut. vi. 5. repugnetis, oportuit nec universomm quidem Deum diligere. Et rursus, cum dixent: “Non facies sculptile neque fusile,”666    Deut. xxvii. 15. consequens erat ut etiam sculptilia adoraretis. Quomodo ergo non impie facitis, qui Creatori quidem, ut dicitis, resistiris; quæ sunt autem meretricibus et adulteris similia, sectamini? Quomodo autem non sentiris vos eum majorem facere, quem pro imbecillo habetis; si quidera id fit, quod hic vult; non autem illud, quod voluit bonus? contra enim ostenditur quodam modo a vobis ipsis, imbecillum esse, quem vestrum patrem dicitis. Recensent etiam ex quibusdam locis propheticis decerptas dictiones, et male consarcinatas, quæ allegorice dicta sunt tanquam recto ductu et citra figuram dicta sumentes. Dicunt enim scriptum esse: “Deo restiterunt, et salvi facti sunt:”667    Mal. iii. 15. illi autem “Deo impudenti” addunt; et hoc eloquium tanquam consilium præceptum accipiunt: et hoc ad salutem conferre existimant, quod Creatori resistant. At “impudenti” quidem “Deo,” non est scriptum. Si autem sic quoque habeat, eum, qui vocatus est diabolus, inteligite impudentem: vel quod hominem calumniis impetat, vel quod accuset peccatores, vel quod sit apostata. Populus ergo, de quo hoc dictum est, cum castigaretur propter sua peocata, ægre ferentes et gementes, his verbis, quædicta sunt, murmurabant, quod aliæ quidem gentes cum inique se gerant non puniantur, ipsi autem in singulis vexentur; adeo ut Jeremias quoque dixerit: “Cur via impiorum prosperatur?”668    Jer. xii. 1. quod simile est ie, quod prius allatum est ex Malachia: “Deo restiterunt, et salvi facti sunt.” Nam prophetæ divinitus inspirati, non solum quæ a Deo audierint, se loqui profitentur; sed et ipsi etiam solent ea, quæ vulgo jactantur a populo, exceptionis modo, edicere, et tanquam quæ stiones ab hominibus motas referre: cujusmodi est illud dictum, cujus mentio jam facta est. Nunquid autem ad hos verba sua dirigens, scribit Apostolus in Epistola ad Romanos: “Et non sicut blasphemamur, et sicut dicunt aliqui nos dicere: Faciamus mala, ut eveniant bona, quorum justa est damnatio?”669    Rom. iii. 8. Ii sunt, qui inter legendum tono vocis pervertunt Scripturas ad proprias voluptates, et quorumdam accentuum et punctorum transpositione, quæ prudenter et utiliter præcepta sunt, as suas trahunt delicias. “Qui irritatis Deum sermonibus vestris,” inquit Malachias, “et dicitis, in quonam eum irritavimus; Dum vos dicitis: Quicunque facit malum, bonus est coram Domino, et ipse in eis complacuit; et ubi est Deus justitiæ?”670    Mal. ii. 17.

Τῶν δὲ ἀφ' αἱρέσεως ἀγομένων Μαρκίωνος μὲν τοῦ Ποντικοῦ ἐπεμνήσθημεν δι' ἀντίταξιν τὴν πρὸς τὸν δημιουργὸν τὴν χρῆσιν τῶν κοσμικῶν παραιτουμένου. γίνεται δὲ αὐτῷ τῆς ἐγκρατείας αἴτιος, εἴ γε τοῦτο ἐγκράτειαν ῥητέον, αὐτὸς ὁ δημιουργός, πρὸς ὃν ὁ θεομάχος οὗτος γίγας ἀνθεστάναι οἰόμενος ἄκων ἐστὶν ἐγκρατὴς κατατρέχων καὶ τῆς κτίσεως καὶ τοῦ πλάσματος. κἂν συγχρήσωνται τῇ τοῦ κυρίου φωνῇ λέγοντος τῷ Φιλίππῳ· ἄφες τοὺς νεκροὺς θάψαι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν νεκρούς, σὺ δὲ ἀκολούθει μοι, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο σκοπείτωσαν ὡς τὴν ὁμοίαν τῆς σαρκὸς πλάσιν καὶ Φίλιππος φέρει, νεκρὸν οὐκ ἔχων μεμιαμμένον. πῶς οὖν σαρκίον ἔχων νεκρὸν οὐκ εἶχεν; ὅτι ἐξανέστη τοῦ μνήματος τοῦ κυρίου τὰ πάθη νεκρώσαντος, ἔζησε δὲ Χριστῷ. ἐπεμνήσθημεν δὲ καὶ τῆς κατὰ Καρποκράτην ἀθέσμου γυναικῶν κοινωνίας, περὶ δὲ τῆς Νικολάου ῥήσεως διαλεχθέντες ἐκεῖνο παρελίπομεν. ὡραίαν, φασί, γυναῖκα ἔχων οὗτος, μετὰ τὴν ἀνάληψιν τὴν τοῦ σωτῆρος πρὸς τῶν ἀποστόλων ὀνειδισθεὶς ζηλοτυπίαν, εἰς μέσον ἀγαγὼν τὴν γυναῖκα γῆμαι τῷ βουλομένῳ ἐπέτρεψεν. ἀκόλουθον γὰρ εἶναί φασι τὴν πρᾶξιν ταύτην ἐκείνῃ τῇ φωνῇ τῇ ὅτι παραχρήσασθαι τῇ σαρκὶ δεῖ, καὶ δὴ κατακολουθήσαντες τῷ [τε] γενομένῳ τῷ τε εἰρημένῳ ἁπλῶς καὶ ἀβασανίστως ἀνέδην ἐκπορνεύουσιν οἱ τὴν αἵρεσιν αὐτοῦ μετιόντες. πυνθάνομαι δ' ἔγωγε τὸν Νικόλαον μηδεμιᾷ ἑτέρᾳ παρ' ἣν ἔγημεν κεχρῆσθαι γυναικὶ τῶν τ' ἐκείνου τέκνων [τὰς] θηλείας μὲν καταγηρᾶσαι παρθένους, ἄφθορον δὲ διαμεῖναι τὸν υἱόν· ὧν οὕτως ἐχόντων ἀποβολὴ πάθους ἦν εἰς μέσον τῶν ἀποστόλων ἡ τῆς ζηλοτυπουμένης ἐκκύκλησις γυναικός, καὶ ἡ ἐγκράτεια τῶν περισπουδάστων ἡδονῶν τὸ παραχρῆσθαι τῇ σαρκὶ ἐδίδασκεν. οὐ γάρ, οἶμαι, ἐβούλετο κατὰ τὴν τοῦ σωτῆρος ἐντολὴν δυσὶ κυρίοις δουλεύειν, ἡδονῇ καὶ θεῷ. λέγουσι γοῦν καὶ τὸν Ματθίαν οὕτως διδάξαι, σαρκὶ μὲν μάχεσθαι καὶ παραχρῆσθαι μηθὲν αὐτῇ πρὸς ἡδονὴν ἀκόλαστον ἐνδιδόντα, ψυχὴν δὲ αὔξειν διὰ πίστεως καὶ γνώσεως. Εἰσὶν δ' οἳ τὴν πάνδημον Ἀφροδίτην κοινωνίαν μυστικὴν ἀναγορεύουσιν ἐνυβρίζοντες καὶ τῷ ὀνόματι· λέγεται γὰρ καὶ τὸ ποιεῖν τι κακὸν ἐργάζεσθαι, ὥσπερ οὖν καὶ τὸ ἀγαθόν τι ποιεῖν ὁμωνύμως ἐργάζεσθαι, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ ἡ κοινωνία ἀγαθὸν μὲν ἐν μεταδόσει ἀργυρίου καὶ τροφῆς καὶ στολῆς, οἳ δὲ καὶ τὴν ὁποίαν δήποτ' οὖν ἀφροδισίων συμπλοκὴν κοινωνίαν ἀσεβῶς κεκλήκασιν. φασὶ γοῦν τινα αὐτῶν ἡμετέρᾳ παρθένῳ ὡραίᾳ τὴν ὄψιν προσελθόντα φάναι· γέγραπται "παντὶ τῷ αἰτοῦντί σε δίδου", τὴν δὲ σεμνῶς πάνυ ἀποκρίνασθαι μὴ συνιεῖσαν τὴν τἀνθρώπου ἀσέλγειαν· ἀλλὰ περὶ γάμου τῇ μητρὶ διαλέγου. ὢ τῆς ἀθεότητος· καὶ τῶν τοῦ κυρίου φωνῶν διαψεύδονται οἱ τῆς ἀσελγείας κοινωνοί, οἱ τῆς λαγνείας ἀδελφοί, ὄνειδος οὐ φιλοσοφίας μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ παντὸς τοῦ βίου, οἱ παραχαράσσοντες τὴν ἀλήθειαν, μᾶλλον δὲ κατασκάπτοντες ὡς οἷόν τε αὐτοῖς· οἱ γὰρ τρισάθλιοι τὴν τε σαρκικὴν καὶ τὴν συνουσιαστικὴν κοινωνίαν ἱεροφαντοῦσι καὶ ταύτην οἴονται εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοὺς ἀνάγειν τοῦ θεοῦ. εἰς τὰ χαμαιτυπεῖα μὲν οὖν ἡ τοιάδε εἰσάγει κοινωνία καὶ δὴ συμμέτοχοι εἶεν αὐτοῖς οἱ σύες καὶ οἱ τράγοι, εἶεν δ' ἂν ἐν ταῖς μείζοσι παρ' αὐτοῖς ἐλπίσιν αἱ προεστῶσαι τοῦ τέγους πόρναι ἀνέδην εἰσδεχόμεναι τοὺς βουλομένους ἅπαντας. ὑμεῖς δὲ οὐχ οὕτως ἐμάθετε τὸν Χριστόν, εἴ γε αὐτὸν ἠκούσατε καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἐδιδάχθητε, καθώς ἐστιν ἀλήθεια ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ἀποθέσθαι ὑμᾶς τὰ κατὰ τὴν προτέραν ἀναστροφὴν τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον τὸν φθειρόμενον κατὰ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας τῆς ἀπάτης· ἀνανεοῦσθε δὲ τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ νοὸς ὑμῶν καὶ ἐνδύσασθε τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον τὸν κατὰ θεὸν κτισθέντα ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ὁσιότητι τῆς ἀληθείας, κατὰ τὴν ἐξομοίωσιν τοῦ θείου. γίνεσθε οὖν μιμηταὶ τοῦ θεοῦ, ὡς τέκνα ἀγαπητά, καὶ περιπατεῖτε ἐν ἀγάπῃ, καθὼς καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς ἠγάπησεν ὑμᾶς καὶ παρέδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν προσφορὰν καὶ θυσίαν τῷ θεῷ εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας. πορνεία δὲ καὶ πᾶσα ἀκαθαρσία ἢ πλεονεξία μηδὲ ὀνομαζέσθω ἐν ὑμῖν, καθὼς πρέπει ἁγίοις, καὶ αἰσχρότης καὶ μωρολογία. καὶ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς φωνῆς ἁγνεύειν μελετᾶν διδάσκων ὁ ἀπόστολος γράφει· τοῦτο γὰρ ἴστε γινώσκοντες, ὅτι πᾶς πόρνος καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς ἕως μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ ἐλέγχετε. Ἐρρύη δὲ αὐτοῖς τὸ δόγμα ἔκ τινος ἀποκρύφου, καὶ δὴ παραθήσομαι τὴν λέξιν τὴν τῆς τούτων ἀσελγείας μητέρα· καὶ εἴτε αὐτοὶ τῆς βίβλου συγγραφεῖς (ὅρα τὴν ἀπόνοιαν, εἰ καὶ θεοῦ διαψεύδονται δι' ἀκρασίαν), εἴτε ἄλλοις περιτυχόντες τὸ καλὸν τοῦτο ἐνόησαν δόγμα διεστραμμένως ἀκηκοότες· ἔχει δὲ οὕτως τὰ τῆς λέξεως· ἓν ἦν τὰ πάντα· ἐπεὶ δὲ ἔδοξεν αὐτοῦ τῇ ἑνότητι μὴ εἶναι μόνῃ, ἐξῆλθεν ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ἐπίπνοια, καὶ ἐκοινώνησεν αὐτῇ καὶ ἐποίησεν τὸν ἀγαπητόν· ἐκ δὲ τούτου ἐξῆλθεν ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ἐπίπνοια, ᾗ κοινωνήσας ἐποίησεν δυνάμεις μήτε ὁραθῆναι μήτε ἀκουσθῆναι δυναμένας ἕως ἐπ' ὀνόματος ἰδίου ἑκάστην. εἰ γὰρ καὶ οὗτοι καθάπερ οἱ ἀπὸ Οὐαλεντίνου πνευματικὰς ἐτίθεντο κοινωνίας, ἴσως τις αὐτῶν τὴν ὑπόληψιν ἐπεδέξατ' [ἄν]· σαρκικῆς δὲ ὕβρεως κοινωνίαν εἰς προφητείαν ἁγίαν ἀνάγειν ἀπεγνωκότος ἐστὶ τὴν σωτηρίαν. τοιαῦτα καὶ οἱ ἀπὸ Προδίκου ψευδωνύμως γνωστικοὺς σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἀναγορεύοντες δογματίζουσιν, υἱοὺς μὲν φύσει τοῦ πρώτου θεοῦ λέγοντες αὑτούς· καταχρώμενοι δὲ τῇ εὐγενείᾳ καὶ τῇ ἐλευθερίᾳ ζῶσιν ὡς βούλονται βούλονται δὲ φιληδόνως, κρατηθῆναι ὑπ' οὐδενὸς νενομικότες ὡς ἂν κύριοι τοῦ σαββάτου καὶ ὑπεράνω παντὸς γένους πεφυκότες βασίλειοι παῖδες, βασιλεῖ δέ, φασί, νόμος ἄγραφος. πρῶτον μὲν οὖν οὐ ποιοῦσιν ἃ βούλονται πάντα, πολλὰ γὰρ αὐτοὺς κωλύσει καὶ ἐπιθυμοῦντας καὶ πειρωμένους, καὶ ἃ ποιοῦσι δέ, οὐχ ὡς βασιλεῖς, ἀλλ' ὡς μαστιγίαι ποιοῦσι, λάθρᾳ γὰρ μοιχεύουσι τὸ ἁλῶναι δεδιότες καὶ τὸ καταγνωσθῆναι ἐκκλίνοντες καὶ φοβούμενοι [τὸ] κολασθῆναι. πῶς δὲ ἐλεύθερον ἡ ἀκρασία καὶ ἡ αἰσχρολογία; πᾶς γάρ, φησίν, ὁ ἁμαρτάνων δοῦλός ἐστιν, ** ὁ ἀπόστολος λέγει. ἀλλὰ πῶς κατὰ θεὸν πολιτεύεται ὁ πάσῃ ἐπιθυμίᾳ ἔκδοτον ἑαυτὸν παρασχὼν τοῦ κυρίου φήσαντος ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω, μὴ ἐπιθυμήσῃς; ἑκὼν δέ τις ἁμαρτάνειν βούλεται καὶ δόγμα τίθησι τὸ μοιχεύειν καὶ καθηδυπαθεῖν καὶ λυμαίνεσθαι τοὺς ἄλλων γάμους, ὅπου γε καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ἄκοντας ἁμαρτάνοντας ἐλεοῦμεν; κἂν εἰς ξένον τὸν κόσμον ἀφιγμένοι ὦσι, πιστοὶ ἐν τῷ ἀλλοτρίῳ μὴ γενόμενοι, τὸ ἀληθὲς οὐχ ἕξουσιν. ὑβρίζει δέ τις ξένος πολίτας καὶ τούτους ἀδικεῖ, οὐχὶ δὲ ὡς παρεπίδημος τοῖς ἀναγκαίοις χρώμενος ἀπρόσκοπος τοῖς πολίταις διαβιοῖ; πῶς δὲ καὶ τοῖς ὑπὸ τῶν ἐθνῶν μεμισημένοις διὰ τὸ μὴ πράσσειν τὰ ὑπὸ τῶν νόμων διηγορευμένα, τουτέστι τοῖς ἀδίκοις καὶ ἀκρατέσι καὶ πλεονέκταις καὶ μοιχοῖς τὰ αὐτὰ πράσσοντες θεὸν ἐγνωκέναι μόνοι λέγουσιν; ἐχρῆν γὰρ αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις παρόντας καλῶς βιοῦν, ἵνα δὴ τῷ ὄντι τὸ βασιλικὸν ἐνδείξωνται. ἤδη δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἀνθρωπίνοις νομοθέταις καὶ τῷ θείῳ νόμῳ ἀπεχθάνονται παρανόμως βιοῦν ἐπανῃρημένοι. ὁ γοῦν ἐκκεντήσας τὸν πόρνον εὐλογούμενος πρὸς τοῦ θεοῦ δείκνυται ἐν τοῖς Ἀριθμοῖς. καὶ ἐὰν εἴπωμεν, φησὶν ὁ Ἰωάννης ἐν τῇ ἐπιστολῇ, ὅτι κοινωνίαν ἔχομεν μετ' αὐτοῦ, τουτέστι μετὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῷ σκότει περιπατῶμεν, ψευδόμεθα καὶ οὐ ποιοῦμεν τὴν ἀλήθειαν· ἐὰν δὲ ἐν τῷ φωτὶ περιπατῶμεν ὡς αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ φωτί, κοινωνίαν ἔχομεν μετ' αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ καθαρίζει ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας. πόθεν οὖν κρείττους εἰσὶ τῶν κοσμικῶν οἱ τοιαῦτα πράσσοντες καὶ τοῖς χειρίστοις τῶν κοσμικῶν ὅμοιοι; ὅμοιοι γάρ, οἶμαι, τὰς φύσεις οἱ καὶ τὰς πράξεις ὅμοιοι. ὧν δὲ ὑπερφέρειν κατὰ τὴν εὐγένειαν ἀξιοῦσι, τούτων καὶ τοῖς ἤθεσιν ὑπερέχειν ὀφείλουσιν, ὅπως τὸν εἰς τὴν φυλακὴν συγκλεισμὸν διαφύγωσιν. ὄντως γὰρ ὡς ὁ κύριος ἔφη, ἐὰν μὴ περισσεύσῃ ἡ δικαιοσύνη ὑμῶν πλείω τῶν γραμματέων καὶ Φαρισαίων, οὐκ εἰσελεύσεσθε εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ. περὶ δὲ τῆς τῶν βρωμάτων ἐγκρατείας δείκνυται ἐν τῷ ∆ανιήλ. συνελόντι δ' εἰπεῖν, περὶ ὑπακοῆς ὁ ∆αβὶδ ψάλλων λέγει· ἐν τίνι κατορθώσει νεώτερος τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ; καὶ παραχρῆμα ἀκούει· ἐν τῷ φυλάσσεσθαι τὸν λόγον σου ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ. ὅ τε Ἱερεμίας φησί· τάδε λέγει κύριος· κατὰ τὰς ὁδοὺς τῶν ἐθνῶν μὴ πορεύσησθε. Ἐντεῦθεν ἄλλοι τινὲς κινηθέντες μιαροὶ καὶ οὐτιδανοὶ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὑπὸ διαφόρων δυνάμεων πλασθῆναι λέγουσι, καὶ τὰ μὲν μέχρις ὀμφαλοῦ θεοειδεστέρας τέχνης εἶναι, τὰ ἔνερθε δὲ τῆς ἥττονος, οὗ δὴ χάριν ὀρέγεσθαι συνουσίας. λέληθε δὲ αὐτοὺς ὅτι καὶ τὰ ἀνωτέρω μέρη τῆς τροφῆς ὀριγνᾶται καὶ λαγνεύει τισίν, ἐναντιοῦνται δὲ καὶ τῷ Χριστῷ πρὸς τοὺς Φαρισαίους εἰρηκότι τὸν αὐτὸν θεὸν καὶ τὸν ἐκτὸς ἡμῶν καὶ τὸν ἔσω ἄνθρωπον πεποιηκέναι. ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ ὄρεξις οὐ τοῦ σώματός ἐστι, κἂν διὰ τὸ σῶμα γίνηται. Ἄλλοι τινές, οὓς καὶ Ἀντιτάκτας καλοῦμεν, λέγουσιν ὅτι ὁ μὲν θεὸς ὁ τῶν ὅλων πατὴρ ἡμῶν ἐστι φύσει, καὶ πάνθ' ὅσα πεποίηκεν ἀγαθά ἐστιν· εἷς δέ τις τῶν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γεγονότων ἐπέσπειρεν τὰ ζιζάνια τὴν τῶν κακῶν φύσιν γεννήσας, οἷς καὶ δὴ πάντας ἡμᾶς περιέβαλεν ἀντιτάξας ἡμᾶς τῷ πατρί. διὸ δὴ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀντιτασσόμεθα τούτῳ εἰς ἐκδικίαν τοῦ πατρός, ἀντιπράσσοντες τῷ βουλήματι τοῦ δευτέρου. ἐπεὶ οὖν οὗτος οὐ μοιχεύσεις εἴρηκεν, ἡμεῖς, φασί, μοιχεύσωμεν ἐπὶ καταλύσει τῆς ἐντολῆς αὐτοῦ. Φαίημεν δ' ἂν καὶ πρὸς τούτους, ὅτι τοὺς ψευδοπροφήτας καὶ τοὺς ὅσοι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ὑποκρίνονται ἐξ ἔργων γινώσκεσθαι παρειλήφαμεν. διαβάλλεται δὲ ὑμῶν τὰ ἔργα· πῶς ἔτι τῆς ἀληθείας ἀντέχεσθαι ὑμᾶς ἐρεῖτε; ἢ γὰρ οὐδέν ἐστι κακὸν καὶ οὐκέτι μέμψεως ἄξιος ὃν αἰτιᾶσθε ὡς ἀντιτεταγμένον τῷ θεῷ, οὐδὲ κακοῦ τινος γέγονε ποιητικός (συναναιρεῖται γὰρ τῷ καρπῷ καὶ τὸ δένδρον), ἤ, εἰ ἔστι τὸ πονηρὸν ἐν ὑπάρξει, εἰπάτωσαν ἡμῖν, τί λέγουσιν εἶναι τὰς δοθείσας ἐντολὰς περὶ δικαιοσύνης, περὶ ἐγκρατείας, περὶ ὑπομονῆς, περὶ ἀνεξικακίας καὶ τῶν τούτοις ὁμοίων, φαύλας ἢ ἀστείας. καὶ εἰ μὲν φαύλη εἴη τὰ πλεῖστα ἀπαγορεύουσα ποιεῖν τῶν αἰσχρῶν ἡ ἐντολή, καθ' ἑαυτῆς νομοθετήσει ἡ κακία ἐπὶ καταλύσει τῇ ἰδίᾳ, ὅπερ ἀδύνατον· εἰ δὲ ἀγαθή, ἀντιτασσόμενοι ταῖς ἀγαθαῖς ἐντολαῖς ἀγαθῷ ἀντιτάσσεσθαι καὶ τὰ κακὰ πράσσειν ὁμολογοῦσιν. ἤδη δὲ καὶ ὁ σωτὴρ αὐτός, ᾧ πείθεσθαι ἀξιοῦσιν μόνῳ, τὸ μισεῖν καὶ τὸ λοιδορεῖν κεκώλυκεν καὶ μετὰ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου βαδίζων φίλος αὐτοῦ πειράθητι ἀπαλλαγῆναι φησίν. ἢ τοίνυν καὶ τὴν Χριστοῦ παραίνεσιν ἀρνήσονται ἀντιτασσόμενοι τῷ ἀντιτεταγμένῳ, ἢ φίλοι γινόμενοι τούτῳ οὐκ ἀντιδικήσουσιν. τί δέ; οὐκ ἴστε, ὦ γεννάδαι (ὡς πρὸς παρόντας γὰρ εἴποιμ' ἄν), ὅτι ταῖς καλῶς ἐχούσαις ἐντολαῖς μαχόμενοι τῇ ἰδίᾳ ἀνθίστασθε σωτηρίᾳ; οὐ γὰρ τὰ διαγορευθέντα χρησίμως, ἀλλ' ἑαυτοὺς καταστρέφετε. καὶ ὁ μὲν κύριος τὰ ἀγαθὰ ὑμῶν ἔργα λαμψάτω ἔφη, ὑμεῖς δὲ τὰς ἀσελγείας ὑμῶν ἐκφανεῖς ποιεῖτε. ἄλλως τε εἰ τὰς ἐντολὰς καταλύειν τοῦ νομοθέτου θέλετε, τί δήποτε τὸ μὲν οὐ μοιχεύσεις καὶ οὐ παιδοφθορήσεις καὶ ὅσα εἰς ἐγκράτειαν συμβάλλεται, καταλύειν ἐπιχειρεῖτε δι' ἀκρασίαν τὴν σφῶν, οὐ καταλύετε δὲ χειμῶνα τὸν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γενόμενον, ἵνα θέρος ποιήσητε μεσοῦντος ἔτι τοῦ χειμῶνος, οὐδὲ γῆν πλωτήν, βατὴν δὲ θάλασσαν ἐργάζεσθε, καθάπερ οἱ τὰς ἱστορίας συνταξάμενοι τὸν βάρβαρον ἐθελῆσαι Ξέρξην [φασίν]; τί δ' οὐχὶ πάσαις ταῖς ἐντολαῖς ἀντιτάσσεσθε; εἰπόντος γὰρ αὐξάνεσθε καὶ πληθύνεσθε ὑμᾶς τοὺς ἀντιτεταγμένους ἐχρῆν μηδ' ὅλως συνουσίᾳ χρῆσθαι, καὶ εἰπόντος ἔδωκα ὑμῖν πάντα εἰς τροφὰς καὶ ἀπολαύσεις ὑμᾶς ἐχρῆν μηδενὸς ἀπολαύειν. ἀλλὰ καὶ ὀφθαλμὸν ἀντὶ ὀφθαλμοῦ λέγοντος ὑμᾶς ἐχρῆν μὴ ἀποδιδόναι ἀντίταξιν ἀντιτάξει, καὶ τὸν κλέπτην κελεύσαντος τετραπλοῦν ἀποδιδόναι ὑμᾶς ἐχρῆν καὶ προσδοῦναι τῷ κλέπτῃ· ὁμοίως τε αὖ καὶ τῇ ἀγαπήσεις τὸν κύριον ἐντολῇ ἀντιτασσομένους ἔδει οὐδὲ τὸν τῶν ὅλων θεὸν ἀγαπῆσαι, καὶ πάλιν εἰπόντος οὐ ποιήσεις γλυπτὸν οὐδὲ χωνευτὸν ὑμᾶς ἀκόλουθον ἦν καὶ τὰ γλυπτὰ προσκυνεῖν. πῶς οὖν οὐκ ἀσεβεῖτε ἀντιτασσόμενοι μέν, ὥς φατε, τῷ δημιουργῷ, τὰ δὲ ὅμοια ταῖς πόρναις καὶ τοῖς μοιχοῖς ἐζηλωκότες; πῶς δὲ οὐκ αἰσθάνεσθε μείζονα ποιοῦντες ὃν ὡς ἀσθενῆ νομίζετε, εἴπερ ὃ βούλεται, τοῦτο γίνεται, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ ἐκεῖνο ὅπερ ἠθέλησεν ὁ ἀγαθός; ἔμπαλιν γὰρ ἀσθενὴς δείκνυται πρὸς ὑμῶν αὐτῶν ὁ ὑμέτερος, ὥς φατε, πατήρ. Ἀναλέγονται δὲ καὶ οὗτοι ἔκ τινων προφητικῶν περικοπῶν λέξεις ἀπανθισάμενοι καὶ συγκαττύσαντες κακῶς κατ' ἀλληγορίαν εἰρημένας ἐξ εὐθείας λαβόντες. γεγράφθαι γάρ φασιν· ἀντέστησαν θεῷ καὶ ἐσώθησαν. οἳ δὲ καὶ τῷ ἀναιδεῖ θεῷ προστιθέασι, δέχονται δὲ ὡς βουλὴν παρηγγελμένην τὸ λόγιον τοῦτο καὶ σωτηρίαν σφίσι λογίζονται τὸ ἀνθίστασθαι τῷ δημιουργῷ. τῷ μὲν οὖν ἀναιδεῖ θεῷ οὐ γέγραπται· εἰ δὲ καὶ οὕτως ἔχοι, τὸν κεκλημένον διάβολον, ὦ ἀνόητοι, ἐξακούσατε ἀναιδῆ ἢ ὡς διαβάλλοντα τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἢ ὡς κατήγορον τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων ἢ ὡς ἀποστάτην. ὁ γοῦν λαός, ἐφ' οὗ εἴρηται ἡ περικοπή, παιδευόμενοι ἐφ' οἷς ἥμαρτον βαρέως φέροντες καὶ στένοντες διεγόγγυζον τὴν εἰρημένην λέξιν, ὅτι τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἔθνη παρανομοῦντα οὐ κολάζεται, αὐτοὶ δὲ μόνοι παρ' ἕκαστα κολούονται, ὡς καὶ Ἱερεμίαν εἰρηκέναι, διὰ τί ὁδὸς ἀσεβῶν εὐοδοῦται; ὅμοιον τούτῳ τὸ παρὰ τῷ Μαλαχίᾳ, τὸ προειρημένον, ἀντέστησαν θεῷ καὶ ἐσώθησαν· χρηματιζόμενοι γὰρ οἱ προφῆται οὐ μόνον τινὰ ἀκούειν λέγουσι παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ διαγγέλλοντες δείκνυνται κατὰ ἀνθυποφορὰν τὰ πρὸς τοῦ λαοῦ θρυλούμενα, ὡς ἐπιζητήματά τινα ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἀναφέροντες, ἐξ ὧν καὶ τὸ προκείμενον τυγχάνει ῥητόν. καὶ μή τι πρὸς τούτους ὁ ἀπόστολος ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους ἐπιστολῇ ἀποτεινόμενος γράφει· καὶ μὴ καθὼς βλασφημούμεθα καὶ καθώς φασί τινες ἡμᾶς λέγειν, ὅτι ποιήσωμεν τὰ κακά, ἵνα ἔλθῃ τὰ ἀγαθά, ὧν τὸ κρῖμα ἔνδικόν ἐστιν. οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ κατὰ τὴν ἀνάγνωσιν φωνῆς τόνῳ διαστρέφοντες τὰς γραφὰς πρὸς τὰς ἰδίας ἡδονάς, καί τινων προσῳδιῶν καὶ στιγμῶν μεταθέσει τὰ παραγγελθέντα σωφρόνως τε καὶ συμφερόντως βιαζόμενοι πρὸς ἡδυπαθείας τὰς ἑαυτῶν. οἱ παροξύνοντες τὸν θεὸν τοῖς λόγοις ὑμῶν· ὁ Μαλαχίας φησί, καὶ εἴπατε· ἐν τίνι παρωξύναμεν αὐτόν; ἐν τῷ λέγειν ὑμᾶς· πᾶς ὁ ποιῶν πονηρὸν ἀγαθὸς ἐνώπιον κυρίου, καὶ ἐν αὐτοῖς αὐτὸς ηὐδόκησεν· καί· ποῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεὸς τῆς δικαιοσύνης;