§43. Three similes to illustrate the Word’s relation to the Universe.

And for so great a matter to be understood by an example, let what we are describing be compared to a great chorus. As then the chorus is composed of different people, children, women again, and old men, and those who are still young, and, when one, namely the conductor, gives the sign, each utters sound according to his nature and power, the man as a man, the child as a child, the old man as an old man, and the young man as a young man, while all make up a single harmony; 2. or as our soul at one time moves our several senses according to the proper function of each, so that when some one object is present all alike are put in motion, and the eye sees, the ear hears, the hand touches, the smell takes in odour, and the palate tastes,—and often the other parts of the body act too, as for instance if the feet walk; 3. or, to make our meaning plain by yet a third example, it is as though a very great city were built, and administered under the presence of the ruler and king who has built it; for when he is present and gives orders, and has his eye upon everything, all obey; some busy themselves with agriculture, others hasten for water to the aqueducts, another goes forth to procure provisions,—one goes to senate, another enters the assembly, the judge goes to the bench, and the magistrate to his court. The workman likewise settles to his craft, the sailor goes down to the sea, the carpenter to his workshop, the physician to his treatment, the architect to his building; and while one is going to the country, another is returning from the country, and while some walk about the town others are going out of the town and returning to it again: but all this is going on and is organised by the presence of the one Ruler, and by his management: 4. in like manner then we must conceive of the whole of Creation, even though the example be inadequate, yet with an enlarged idea. For with the single impulse of a nod as it were of the Word of God, all things simultaneously fall into order, and each discharge their proper functions, and a single order is made up by them all together.

43 Καὶ ἵνα ἐκ παραδείγματος τὸ τηλικοῦτον νοηθείη, ἔστω τὸ λεγόμενον ὡς ἐν εἰκόνι χοροῦ μεγάλου. ὡς τοίνυν τοῦ χοροῦ συνεστῶ τος ἐκ διαφόρων ἄνδρων, παίδων, γυναικῶν αὖ καὶ γερόντων, καὶ τῶν ἔτι νέων· καὶ ἑνὸς τοῦ καθηγεμόνος σημαίνοντος, ἕκαστος μὲν κατὰ τὴν φύσιν ἑαυτοῦ καὶ δύναμιν φωνεῖ, ὁ μὲν ἀνὴρ ὡς ἀνήρ, ὁ δὲ παῖς ὡς παῖς, ὁ δὲ γέρων ὡς γέρων, καὶ ὁ νέος ὡς νέος, πάντες δὲ μίαν ἀποτελοῦσιν ἁρμονίαν· ἢ ὡς ἡ καθ' ἡμᾶς ψυχὴ ἐν ταὐτῷ τὰς ἐν ἡμῖν αἰσθήσεις κατὰ τὴν ἑκάστης ἐνέργειαν κινεῖ, ὥστε παρόντος πράγματος ἑνὸς τὰς πάσας ὁμοῦ κινεῖσθαι, καὶ τὸν μὲν ὀφθαλμὸν ὁρᾷν, τὴν δὲ ἀκοὴν ἀκούειν, τὴν δὲ χεῖρα ἅπτεσθαι, καὶ τὴν ὄσφρησιν ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι, καὶ τὴν γεῦσιν γεύεσθαι· πολλάκις δὲ καὶ τὰ ἄλλα μέλη τοῦ σώματος, ὥστε καὶ τοὺς πόδας περιπατεῖν. ἢ ἵνα καὶ τρίτῳ παραδείγματι τὸ λεγόμενον σημανθῇ, ἔοικεν οἰκοδομηθείσῃ μάλιστα μεγάλῃ πόλει, καὶ οἰκονομουμένῃ ἐπὶ παρουσίᾳ τοῦ καὶ ταύτην οἰκοδομήσαντος ἄρχοντος καὶ βασιλέως. ἐκείνου γὰρ παρόν τος καὶ προστάττοντος, καὶ πρὸς πάντα τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν τείνοντος, ἑπόμενοι πάντες, οἱ μὲν ἐπὶ τὴν γεωργίαν, οἱ δὲ ἐπὶ τοὺς ὑδραγωγοὺς ὑδρευσόμενοι σπεύδουσιν· ἄλλος δὲ ἐπισιτισόμενος προέρχεται· καὶ ὁ μὲν ἐπὶ τὴν βουλὴν βαδίζει, ὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν εἰσέρχεται· καὶ ὁ μὲν δικαστὴς ἐπὶ τὸ δικάζειν, ὁ δὲ ἄρχων ἐπὶ τὸ θεσμοθετεῖν· καθίσταται δὲ εὐθέως ὁ μὲν τεχνίτης ἐπὶ τὴν ἐργασίαν, ὁ δὲ ναύτης ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν κατέρχεται, ὁ τέκτων ἐπὶ τὸ τεκτονεύειν, ὁ ἰατρὸς ἐπὶ τὴν θεραπείαν, ὁ οἰκοδόμος ἐπὶ τὴν οἰκοδομήν· καὶ ὁ μὲν εἰς τὸν ἀγρὸν βαδίζει, ὁ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγροῦ ἀνέρχεται· καὶ οἱ μὲν περὶ τὴν πόλιν ἀναστρέφονται, οἱ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἐξέρχονται, καὶ πάλιν εἰς αὐτὴν ἐπανέρχονται. πάντα δὲ ταῦτα τῇ παρουσίᾳ τοῦ ἑνὸς ἄρχοντος, καὶ τῇ τούτου διατάξει γίγνονται, καὶ συνίστανται. κατὰ ταῦτα δὴ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς συμπάσης κτίσεως, κἂν μικρὸν ᾖ τὸ παρά δειγμα, ὅμως μείζονι διανοίᾳ χρὴ νοεῖν· ὑπὸ γὰρ μιᾶς ῥιπῆς νεύ ματός τινος τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγου ὁμοῦ τὰ πάντα διακοσμεῖται, καὶ τὰ οἰκεῖα παρ' ἑκάστου γίνεται, καὶ παρὰ πάντων ὁμοῦ μία τάξις ἀποτελεῖται.