Kabbala

 Prefecture Apostolic of Kafiristan and Kashmir

 Kafirs

 Johann Matthias Kager

 Kajetan Georg von Kaiser

 Kaiserchronik

 Prefecture Apostolic of Kaiserwilhelmsland

 Kalands Brethren

 Jan Stephanus van Kalcker

 Valerian Kalinka

 Kalispel Indians

 Archdiocese of Kalocsa-Bacs

 Vicariate Apostolic of Kamerun

 Diocese of Kandy

 Kansas

 Diocese of Kansas City

 Prefecture Apostolic of Southern Kan-su

 Vicariate Apostolic of Northern Kan-su

 Philosophy of Kant

 Karinthia

 Stanislaw Karnkowski

 Kaskaskia Indians

 Prefecture Apostolic of Upper Kassai

 Angelica Kauffmann

 Kaufmann

 Franz Philip Kaulen

 Wenzel Anton Kaunitz

 Edward Kavanagh

 Julia Kavanagh

 Joseph Kehrein

 Jacob Keller

 Lorenz Kellner

 Book of Kells

 School of Kells

 Ven. John Kemble

 John Kemp

 Vicariate Apostolic of Kenia

 James Kennedy

 Kenosis

 Kenraghty

 Francis Patrick and Peter Richard Kenrick

 St. Kentigern

 Kentucky

 Miles Gerald Keon

 Diocese of Kerkuk

 Francis Kernan

 Diocese of Kerry and Aghadoe

 Hermann von Kerssenbroch

 Joseph-Marie-Bruno-Constantin Kervyn de Lettenhove

 Matthias Kessels

 Wilhelm Emmanuel, Baron von Ketteler

 Erasmus Darwin Keyes

 Power of the Keys

 Kharput

 Vicariate Apostolic of Kiang-nan

 Vicariate Apostolic of Eastern Kiang-si

 Vicariate Apostolic of Northern Kiang-si

 Vicariate Apostolic of Southern Kiang-si

 Kickapoo Indians

 Diocese of Kielce

 Sts. Kieran

 School of Kildare

 Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin

 St. Kilian

 Diocese of Killala

 Diocese of Killaloe

 Diocese of Kilmore

 Robert Kilwardby

 Benedictine Abbey of Kilwinning

 Vicariate Apostolic of Kimberley

 Vicariate of Kimberley in Orange

 Kingdom of God

 Kingisel

 First and Second Books of Kings

 Third and Fourth Books of Kings

 Archdiocese of Kingston

 Kinloss

 Eusebius Kino

 Kiowa Indians

 Athanasius Kircher

 Kirkwall

 Kisfaludy

 Kiss

 Julian Klaczko

 Heinrich Klee

 Melchior Klesl

 Josef Wilhelm Karl Kleutgen

 Klinkowström

 Onno Klopp

 Joseph Knabl

 Sebastian Kneipp

 Ven. William Knight

 Henry Knighton

 Knights of Columbus

 Knights of the Cross

 Ignatius Knoblecher

 Albert (Joseph) Knoll

 Knowledge

 Knowledge of Jesus Christ

 Knownothingism

 John Knox

 Franz Quirin von Kober

 Anthony Koberger

 Andreas Kobler

 Jan Kochanowski

 Vespasian Kochowski

 Ignaz Kögler

 Anthony Kohlmann

 Marian Wolfgang Koller

 Stanislaus Konarski

 Joseph König

 Diocese of Königgrätz

 Jacob Königshofen

 Anthony Konings

 Konrad

 Konrad of Lichtenau

 Konrad of Megenberg

 Konrad of Würzburg

 Ferdinand Konsag

 Koran

 Tadeusz Kosciuszko

 Stanislaus and John Kozmian

 Adam Krafft

 Krain

 John Krämer

 Ignatius Krasicki

 Sigismund Krasinski

 Franz Xaver Kraus

 Karl Kreil

 William Kreiten

 Kremsmünster

 Diocese of Krishnagar

 Martin Kromer

 Andrew Krzycki

 Johannes von Kuhn

 Kulturkampf

 Diocese of Kumbakonam

 Kutenai Indians

 Prefecture Apostolic of Kwango

 Prefecture Apostolic of Kwang-si

 Prefecture Apostolic of Kwang-tung

 Vicariate Apostolic of Kwei-chou

 Kyrie Eleison

Onno Klopp


Historian, b. on 9 October, 1822, at Leer (East Friesland); d. at Vienna, 9 August 1903. After finishing his studies at the gymnasiums of Leer and Emden, he devoted himself, from 1841 to 1845 to the study of philology and theology at Bonn, Berlin, and Göttingen, receiving the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Jena in 1845. He was then appointed to teach at the gymnasium in Osnabrück, retaining this post until 1858. Meanwhile he devoted himself diligently to the composition of works on pedagogy, publishing first, "Die Reform der Gymnasien in betreff des Sprachunterrichts" (Leipzig, 1848), in which he pleaded for modern languages, maintaining that lingual studies should begin with living, not dead languages. He also wrote some books for the young founded on German legends and history, such as "Gudrun. Der deuchen Jugend erzählt" (Leipzig, 1850); "Geschichten, charaktersstische Züge und Sagen der deutschen Volkstämme aus der Zeit der Völkerwanderung bis zum Vertrag von Verdun" (2 parts, Leipzig, 1851); "Leben und Taten des Admirals de Ruiter" (Hanover, 1852, 1858, 1905); "Geschichte und Charakterzüge der deutschen Kaiserzeit von 843-1125" (Leipzig, 1852, 1905); "Deutsche Geschichtsbibliothek oder Darstellungen aus der Weltgeschichte für Leser aller Stände" (4 vols. Hanover, 1853-56), with the collaboration of various scholars. The Revolution of 1848 incited him to scientific historical researches, by means of which he tried to explain the existing phenomena by tracing the evolution of historic conditions. His pamphlet entitled "Die Grundrechte des deutschen Volkes" (Osnabrück, 1849) bears evidence of this.

His most important work at this time was, his "Geschichte von Ostfriesland" (3 vols., Hanover, 1854-58). The East Friesland Estates furnished him with funds for the publication of this work, but, on the appearance of the third volume, they could not refrain from calling attention to the fact that it showed a hostile attitude towards King Frederick II of Prussia. Klopp considered himself unjustly blamed, and declined to receive the subvention for this volume. His action caused a great sensation, and King George V of Hanover, who had awarded him a gold medal for the second volume, paid the subvention from his private purse and offered to take him into his service. However, no suitable position was vacant at the time, and Klopp retired from public office to devote himself entirely to his historical studies. At the same time he took a great interest in the problems of the day, and soon became one of the most important leaders of the greater German party in Northern Germany, the Austrian Ambassador in Hanover aiding him in his efforts. In 1865 the King of Hanover created a commission for the care of the state archives and made Klopp reporter with the title of archivist. He went over the state archives, instituting important innovations in the manner of preserving them, which have been also adopted in the Prussian archives. During the war of 1866 he spent his time at headquarters near the king, in whose services he made two dangerous journeys to Frankfurt and Bavaria. After the capitulation of Langensalza he went to Vienna, where he drew up a petition for peace for his sovereign to King William of Prussia. He now settled permanently in Vienna, and to the end remained a faithful subject as well as a devoted admirer of George of Hanover, as shown by his book, "King George V. Every inch a King" (Hanover, 1878). In 1873 he became a convert to Catholicism. In consequence of his historical investigations he had been for years convinced of the truth of the Catholic Church, giving expression to this view in his three works, "Studien über Katholizimus, Protestantismus und Gewissensfreiheit" (Schaffhausen, 1857), "Wird Deutschland wieder Katholisch werden?" (Schaffhausen, 1859), and "Der evangelische Oberkirehenrat in Berlin und das Konzil" (Freiburg, 1869).

His numerous historical writings can be divided into three groups. The first deal with German and Prussian history, the most important works being the following: "Das Restitutionsedikt im nordwestlichen Deutschland" (Göttingen, 1860); "Der Konig Friedrich II. von Preussen und die deutsche Nation" (Schaffhausen, 1860-7); "Tilly im dreissigjährigen Kriege" (2 vols., Stuttgart, 1861), enlarged edition under the title: "Der dreissigjährigen Krieg bis zum Tode Gustav Adolfs" (Paderborn, 1891); "Die preussische Politik des Friederieianismus nach Friedrich II." (Schaffhausen, 1867); "Rückblick auf die preussische Annexion des Konigreichs Hannover" (Munich, 1868). The work on Tilly found great favour among Catholics, and the Emperor of Austria, as well as the Kings of Bavaria, Belgium, and Hanover, almost simultaneously sent him their gold medals for science and art. On the other hand, his works on Frederich II evoked sharp criticism from Pressian circles, and brought forth many replies, most of which he answered convincingly, as in his "Kleindeutsche Geschichtsbaumeister" (Freiburg, 1863).

The second group of writings are on the philosopher Leibniz. In 1861 Klopp made a proposition to the King of Hanover to publish Leibniz's works. For this purpose he thoroughly examined his entire literary remains, and subsequently published: "Die Werke von Leibniz gemass seinem handschriftlichen Nachlass in der Bibliothek zu Hannover. Erste Reihe: Historischpolitische und staatswissenschaftliche Schriften" (11 vols., Hanover, 1864-84). The completion of this work, however, was made impossible, as Bismarck forbade him the use of the Hanoverian library. The French Academy of Sciences in a letter to Klopp lamented this interdiction on behalf of science. Later Klopp gave himself up to the exhaustive study of the history of the Stuarts. He had taken up this study with great zeal when he was in England in 1859, and in 1870 instituted further investigations of the English archives. The most important work that we have to thank him for on this subject, and one which is perhaps his masterpiece, is: "Der Fall des Hauses Stuart und die Succession des Hauses Hannover im Gross-Britannien und Irland im Zusammenhang der europäischen Angelegenheiten von 1660-1714" (14 vols., Vienna, 1875-88).

The interest he took in the history of Austria, his second home, is shown in his works: "Das Jahr 1683 und der folgende grosse Turkenkrieg bis zum Frieden von Carlowitz, 1699" (Graz, 1882), and "Corrispondenza epistolare tra Leopoldo I imperatore ed il P. Marco d'Aviano Cappucino" (Graz, 1886), which was dedicated to Pope Leo XIII on the jubilee to celebrate his fiftieth year as a priest. We are indebted to Klopp above all for the new lines of historical research which he pointed out to Catholics, his works proving incontrovertibly in defiance of all attacks that the study of original documents based on these lines and carried on with an incorruptible love of truth, will expose the errors of existing history.

Compare the biography written by his son in Biographisches Jahrbuch, VIII (Berlin, 1905), 117-23.

PATRICIUS SCHLAGER