▾
Basil of Caesarea, Letters
⎗←→⎘
▾
To the Cæsareans . A defence of his withdrawal, and concerning the faith .
Without address. To some friends .
To Arcadius, Imperial Treasurer .
Against Eunomius the heretic .
Without address. On the Perfection of the Life of Solitaries .
To Athanasius, father of Athanasius bishop of Ancyra .
To Athanasius, bishop of Ancyra .
To Cæsarius, brother of Gregory .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To the Church of Neocæsarea. Consolatory .
To the Church of Ancyra. Consolatory .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To his Brother Gregory, concerning the difference between οὐσία and ὑπόστασις.
To Eusebius, Bishop of Samosata .
To Paregorius, the presbyter .
To Meletius, Bishop of Antioch .
To Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria .
To the Governor of Neocæsarea .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
Without inscription: about Therasius .
Without inscription, on behalf of Elpidius .
To Eustathius bishop of Sebastia .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
That the oath ought not to be taken .
Without address on the same subject .
Without address on the subject of the exaction of taxes .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch .
To the holy brethren the bishops of the West .
To Valerianus, Bishop of Illyricum .
To the Patrician Cæsaria , concerning Communion .
To Elias, Governor of the Province .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, Bishop of Samosata .
To the deaconesses, the daughters of Count Terentius .
To the guardian of the heirs of Julitta .
To Jovinus, Bishop of Perrha .
To Eustathius, Bishop of Sebasteia .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch .
To Theodotus, bishop of Nicopolis .
To Pœmenius , bishop of Satala .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Meletius Bishop of Antioch .
To Theodotus bishop of Nicopolis .
To Abramius, bishop of Batnæ .
To Diodorus, presbyter of Antioch .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Antipater, on his assuming the governorship of Cappadocia .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Amphilochius in the name of Heraclidas .
To Ascholius, bishop of Thessalonica .
Without address . In the case of a trainer
To Eupaterius and his daughter .
To Amphilochius on his consecration as Bishop .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Ascholius, bishop of Thessalonica .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Amphilochius, Bishop of Iconium .
To the Master Sophronius, on behalf of Eunathius .
To Otreius, bishop of Melitene .
To the presbyters of Samosata .
To Eustathius, bishop of Himmeria .
To Theodotus, bishop of Beræa .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Euphronius, bishop of Colonia Armeniæ .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To the bishops of the sea coast .
To Elpidius the bishop. Consolatory .
To the notables of Neocæsarea .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch.
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
Against Eustathius of Sebasteia .
Consolatory, to the clergy of Colonia .
To the magistrates of Colonia.
To the magistrates of Nicopolis.
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
To Amphilochius, in reply to certain questions.
To the same, in answer to another question.
To the same, in answer to another question.
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata.
To the presbyters of Nicopolis .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata.
To the Presbyters of Nicopolis.
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To the bishops of Italy and Gaul concerning the condition and confusion of the Churches.
To Patrophilus, bishop of Ægæ .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
Without address. Commendatory.
To Patrophilus, bishop of Ægæ.
To the monks harassed by the Arians.
To the monks Palladius and Innocent.
To Eulogius, Alexander, and Harpocration, bishops of Egypt, in exile.
To Barses, bishop of Edessa, in exile.
To the wife of Arinthæus, the General. Consolatory.
Without address. Concerning Hera.
Without address. Concerning Hera.
To the assessor in the case of monks.
Without address. Excommunicatory.
Without address. Concerning an afflicted woman.
To Timotheus the Chorepiscopus .
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Of the Holy Trinity, the Incarnation, the invocation of Saints, and their Images.
Letter LIII.456 Placed in the beginning of the episcopate.
To the Chorepiscopi.457 “A class of ministers between bishops proper and presbyters, defined in the Arabic version of the Nicene canons to be ‘loco episcopi super villas et monasteria et sacerdotes villarum;’ called into existence in the latter part of the third century, and first in Asia Minor, in order to meet the wants of episcopal supervision in the country parts of the now enlarged dioceses without subdivision: first mentioned in the Councils of Ancyra and Neo-Cæsarea a.d. 314.” D.C.A. i. 354. Three mss. give the title “to the bishops under him.” The Ben. Ed. remarks: “Liquet Basilium agere de episcopis sibi subditis. Nam qui proprie dicebantur chorepiscopi, manus non ponebant, sed clero inferiores ministros ascribebant, ut videre est in epist. sequenti. Sed tamen ipsi etiam episcopi, qui Ecclesias metropoli subjectas regebant, interdum vocabuntur chorepiscopi. Queritur enim Gregorius Naz. in carmine De vita sua. quod a Basilio, qui quinquaginta chorepiscopos sub se habebat, vilissimi oppiduli constitutus episcopus fuisset. τούτοις μ᾽ ὁ πεντήκοντα χωρεπισκόποις στενούμενος δέδωκεν Hoc exemplo confirmatur vetustissimorum codicum scriptura quam secuti sumus.
1. My soul is deeply pained at the enormity of the matter on which I write, if for this only, that it has caused general suspicion and talk. But so far it has seemed to me incredible. I hope then that what I am writing about it may be taken by the guilty as medicine, by the innocent as a warning, by the indifferent, in which class I trust none of you may be found, as a testimony. And what is it of which I speak? There is a report that some of you take money from candidates for ordination,458 cf. note on Theodoret, iv. 20, p. 125. and excuse it on grounds of religion. This is indeed worse. If any one does evil under the guise of good he deserves double punishment; because he not only does what is in itself not good, but, so to say, makes good an accomplice in the commission of sin. If the allegation be true, let it be so no more. Let a better state of things begin. To the recipient of the bribe it must be said, as was said by the Apostles to him who was willing to give money to buy the fellowship of the Holy Ghost, “Thy money perish with thee.459 Acts viii. 20. It is a lighter sin to wish in ignorance to buy, than it is to sell, the gift of God. A sale it was; and if you sell what you received as a free gift you will be deprived of the boon, as though you were yourself sold to Satan. You are obtruding the traffic of the huckster into spiritual things and into the Church where we are entrusted with the body and blood of Christ. These things must not be. And I will mention wherein lies an ingenious contrivance. They think that there is no sin because they take the money not before but after the ordination; but to take is to take at whatever time.
2. I exhort you, then, abandon this gain, or, I would rather say, this approach to Hell. Do not, by defiling your hands with such bribes, render yourselves unfit to celebrate holy mysteries. But forgive me. I began by discrediting; and now I am threatening as though I were convinced. If, after this letter of mine, any one do anything of the kind, he will depart from the altars here and will seek a place where he is able to buy and to sell God’s gift. We and the Churches of God have no such custom.460 cf. 1 Cor. xi. 16. One word more, and I have done. These things come of covetousness. Now covetousness is the root of all evil and is called idolatry.461 cf. Col. iii. 5. Do not then price idols above Christ for the sake of a little money. Do not imitate Judas and once more betray for a bribe Him who was crucified for us. For alike the lands and the hands of all that make such gain shall be called Aceldama.462 cf. Acts i. 19.
ΧΩΡΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΙΣ
[1] Τὸ τοῦ πράγματος ἄτοπον περὶ οὗ γράφω, διότι μὲν ὅλως ὑπωπτεύθη καὶ ἐλαλήθη, ὀδύνης ἐπλήρωσέ μου τὴν ψυχήν, τέως δὲ ἐφάνη μοι ἄπιστον. Τὸ οὖν περὶ αὐτοῦ γράμμα, ὁ μὲν συνεγνωκὼς ἑαυτῷ δεξάσθω ὡς ἴαμα, ὁ δὲ μὴ συνεγνωκὼς ὡς προφυλακτήριον, ὁ δὲ ἀδιάφορος, ὅπερ ἀπεύχομαι ἐφ' ὑμῖν εὑρεθῆναι, ὡς διαμαρτυρίαν. Τί δέ ἐστιν ὃ λέγω; Φασί τινές τινας ὑμῶν παρὰ τῶν χειροτονουμένων λαμβάνειν χρήματα, ἐπισκιάζειν δὲ ὀνόματι εὐσεβείας. Τοῦτο δὲ χεῖρόν ἐστιν. Ἐὰν γάρ τις τὸ κακὸν ἐν προσχήματι τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ποιῇ, διπλασίονος τιμωρίας ἐστὶν ἄξιος, διότι αὐτό τε τὸ οὐκ ἀγαθὸν ἐργάζεται καὶ κέχρηται εἰς τὸ τελέσαι τὴν ἁμαρτίαν, ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις, τῷ καλῷ συνεργῷ. Ταῦτα εἰ οὕτως ἔχει, τοῦ λοιποῦ μὴ γινέσθω, ἀλλὰ διορθωθήτω, ἐπεὶ ἀνάγκη λέγειν πρὸς τὸν δεχόμενον τὸ ἀργύριον ὅπερ ἐρρήθη παρὰ τῶν Ἀποστόλων πρὸς τὸν θέλοντα δοῦναι, ἵνα Πνεύματος Ἁγίου μετουσίαν ὠνήσηται: »Τὸ ἀργύριόν σου σὺν σοὶ εἴη εἰς ἀπώλειαν«. Κουφότερος γὰρ ὁ δι' ἀπειρίαν ὠνήσασθαι θέλων, ἢ ὁ πιπράσκων τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ δωρεάν. Πρᾶσις γὰρ ἐγένετο, καί, ὃ σὺ δωρεὰν ἔλαβες, ἐὰν πωλῇς, ὡσανεὶ πεπραμένος τῷ Σατανᾷ ἀφαιρεθήσῃ τοῦ χαρίσματος. Καπηλείαν γὰρ ἐπεισάγεις τοῖς πνευματικοῖς καὶ τῇ Ἐκκλησίᾳ, ἔνθα πεπιστεύμεθα σῶμα καὶ αἷμα Χριστοῦ. Ταῦτα οὕτω γίνεσθαι οὐ χρή. Ὃ δέ ἐστι τὸ τέχνασμα, λέγω. Νομίζουσι μὴ ἁμαρτάνειν τῷ μὴ προλαμβάνειν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τὴν χειροτονίαν λαμβάνειν. Λαβεῖν δὲ ἔστιν ὅτε δή ποτε τὸ λαβεῖν.
[2] Παρακαλῶ οὖν, ταύτην τὴν πρόσοδον, μᾶλλον δὲ τὴν προσαγωγὴν τὴν ἐπὶ γέενναν ἀπόθεσθε, καὶ μή, τὰς χεῖρας μολύναντες τοιούτοις λήμμασιν, ἑαυτοὺς ἀναξίους ποιήσητε τοῦ ἐπιτελεῖν ἅγια μυστήρια. Σύγγνωτε δέ μοι. Πρῶτον μὲν ὡς ἀπιστήσας, εἶτα δὲ ὡς πεισθεὶς ἀπειλῶ. Εἴ τις μετὰ ταύτην μου τὴν ἐπιστολὴν πράξειέ τι τοιοῦτον, τῶν μὲν ἐνταῦθα θυσιαστηρίων ἀναχωρήσει, ζητήσει δὲ ἔνθα τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ δωρεὰν ἀγοράζων μεταπωλεῖν δύναται. Ἡμεῖς γὰρ καὶ αἱ Ἐκκλησίαι τοῦ Θεοῦ τοιαύτην συνήθειαν οὐκ ἔχομεν. Ἓν δὲ προσθεὶς παύσομαι. Διὰ φιλαργυρίαν γίνεται ταῦτα. Ἡ δὲ φιλαργυρία καὶ ῥίζα πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἐστι καὶ ὀνομάζεται εἰδωλολατρεία. Μὴ οὖν τοῦ Χριστοῦ προτιμήσητε τὰ εἴδωλα διὰ μικρὸν ἀργύριον, μηδὲ πάλιν τὸν Ἰούδαν μιμήσησθε, λήμματι προδιδόντες δεύτερον τὸν ἅπαξ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν σταυρωθέντα. Ἐπεὶ καὶ τὰ χωρία καὶ αἱ χεῖρες τῶν τοὺς καρποὺς τούτους δεχομένων Ἀκελδαμὰ κληθήσονται.