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Basil of Caesarea, Letters
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To the Cæsareans . A defence of his withdrawal, and concerning the faith .
Without address. To some friends .
To Arcadius, Imperial Treasurer .
Against Eunomius the heretic .
Without address. On the Perfection of the Life of Solitaries .
To Athanasius, father of Athanasius bishop of Ancyra .
To Athanasius, bishop of Ancyra .
To Cæsarius, brother of Gregory .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To the Church of Neocæsarea. Consolatory .
To the Church of Ancyra. Consolatory .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To his Brother Gregory, concerning the difference between οὐσία and ὑπόστασις.
To Eusebius, Bishop of Samosata .
To Paregorius, the presbyter .
To Meletius, Bishop of Antioch .
To Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria .
To the Governor of Neocæsarea .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
Without inscription: about Therasius .
Without inscription, on behalf of Elpidius .
To Eustathius bishop of Sebastia .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
To Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria .
That the oath ought not to be taken .
Without address on the same subject .
Without address on the subject of the exaction of taxes .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch .
To the holy brethren the bishops of the West .
To Valerianus, Bishop of Illyricum .
To the Patrician Cæsaria , concerning Communion .
To Elias, Governor of the Province .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, Bishop of Samosata .
To the deaconesses, the daughters of Count Terentius .
To the guardian of the heirs of Julitta .
To Jovinus, Bishop of Perrha .
To Eustathius, Bishop of Sebasteia .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch .
To Theodotus, bishop of Nicopolis .
To Pœmenius , bishop of Satala .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Meletius Bishop of Antioch .
To Theodotus bishop of Nicopolis .
To Abramius, bishop of Batnæ .
To Diodorus, presbyter of Antioch .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Antipater, on his assuming the governorship of Cappadocia .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Amphilochius in the name of Heraclidas .
To Ascholius, bishop of Thessalonica .
Without address . In the case of a trainer
To Eupaterius and his daughter .
To Amphilochius on his consecration as Bishop .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Ascholius, bishop of Thessalonica .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Amphilochius, Bishop of Iconium .
To the Master Sophronius, on behalf of Eunathius .
To Otreius, bishop of Melitene .
To the presbyters of Samosata .
To Eustathius, bishop of Himmeria .
To Theodotus, bishop of Beræa .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Euphronius, bishop of Colonia Armeniæ .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium .
To the bishops of the sea coast .
To Elpidius the bishop. Consolatory .
To the notables of Neocæsarea .
To Meletius, bishop of Antioch.
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
Against Eustathius of Sebasteia .
Consolatory, to the clergy of Colonia .
To the magistrates of Colonia.
To the magistrates of Nicopolis.
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
To Amphilochius, in reply to certain questions.
To the same, in answer to another question.
To the same, in answer to another question.
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata.
To the presbyters of Nicopolis .
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata.
To the Presbyters of Nicopolis.
To Eusebius, bishop of Samosata .
To the bishops of Italy and Gaul concerning the condition and confusion of the Churches.
To Patrophilus, bishop of Ægæ .
To Amphilochius, bishop of Iconium.
Without address. Commendatory.
To Patrophilus, bishop of Ægæ.
To the monks harassed by the Arians.
To the monks Palladius and Innocent.
To Eulogius, Alexander, and Harpocration, bishops of Egypt, in exile.
To Barses, bishop of Edessa, in exile.
To the wife of Arinthæus, the General. Consolatory.
Without address. Concerning Hera.
Without address. Concerning Hera.
To the assessor in the case of monks.
Without address. Excommunicatory.
Without address. Concerning an afflicted woman.
To Timotheus the Chorepiscopus .
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXVI., CCCXVII., CCCXVIII., CCCXIX.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Letters CCCXXX., CCCXXXI., CCCXXXII., CCCXXXIII.
Of the Holy Trinity, the Incarnation, the invocation of Saints, and their Images.
Letter III.21 Placed at the beginning of the retreat in Pontus.
To Candidianus.22 A governor of Cappadocia, friendly to Basil and to Gregory of Nazianzus. (cf. Greg., Ep. cxciv.)
1. When I took your letter into my hand, I underwent an experience worth telling. I looked at it with the awe due to a document making some state announcement, and as I was breaking the wax, I felt a dread greater than ever guilty Spartan felt at sight of the Laconian scytale.23 i.e. the staff or baton used at Sparta for dispatches. The strip of leather on which the communication was to be made is said to have been rolled slantwise round it, and the message was then written lengthwise. The correspondent was said to have a staff of a size exactly corresponding, and so by rewinding the strip could read what was written. Vide Aulus Gellius xvii. 9.
When, however, I had opened the letter, and read it through, I could not help laughing, partly for joy at finding nothing alarming in it; partly because I likened your state of affairs to that of Demosthenes. Demosthenes, you remember, when he was providing for a certain little company of chorus dancers and musicians, requested to be styled no longer Demosthenes, but “choragus.”24 Plutarch πολ. παραγγ xxii. ἢ τὸ τοῦ Δημοσθένους ὅτι νῦν οὐκ ἔστι Δημοσθένης ἀλλὰ καὶ θεσμοθέτης ἢ χορηγὸς ἢ στεφανηφόρος. You are always the same, whether playing the “choragus” or not. “Choragus” you are indeed to soldiers myriads more in number than the individuals to whom Demosthenes supplied necessaries; and yet you do not when you write to me stand on your dignity, but keep up the old style. You do not give up the study of literature, but, as Plato25 Rep. vi. 10. οἷον ἐν χειμῶνι κονιορτοῦ καὶ ζάλὴς ὑπὸ πνεύματος φερομένου ὑπὸ τειχίον ἀποστάς. has it, in the midst of the storm and tempest of affairs, you stand aloof, as it were, under some strong wall, and keep your mind clear of all disturbance; nay, more, as far as in you lies, you do not even let others be disturbed. Such is your life; great and wonderful to all who have eyes to see; and yet not wonderful to any one who judges by the whole purpose of your life.
Now let me tell my own story, extraordinary indeed, but only what might have been expected.
2. One of the hinds who live with us here at Annesi,26 Vide Prolegomena. on the death of my servant, without alleging any breach of contract with him, without approaching me, without making any complaint, without asking me to make him any voluntary payment, without any threat of violence should he fail to get it, all on a sudden, with certain mad fellows like himself, attacked my house, brutally assaulted the women who were in charge of it, broke in the doors, and after appropriating some of the contents himself, and promising the rest to any one who liked, carried off everything. I do not wish to be regarded as the ne plus ultra of helplessness, and a suitable object for the violence of any one who likes to attack me. Shew me, then, now, I beg you, that kindly interest which you have always shewn in my affairs. Only on one condition can my tranquillity be secured,—that I be assured of having your energy on my side. It would be quite punishment enough, from my point of view, if the man were apprehended by the district magistrate and locked up for a short period in the gaol. It is not only that I am indignant at the treatment I have suffered, but I want security for the future.
ΚΑΝΔΙΔΙΑΝῼ
[1] Ὅτε εἰς χεῖρας ἔλαβον τὴν ἐπιστολήν σου, ἔπαθόν τι ἀκοῆς ἄξιον. Εὐλαβήθην αὐτήν, ὥς τι δημόσιον προσαγγέλλουσαν, καί, παρ' ὃν ἐξέλυον καιρὸν τὸν κηρόν, ἐφοβούμην προσβλέπων ὡς οὐδεὶς ἐν αἰτίαις ὢν Σπαρτιάτης Λακωνικὴν σκυτάλην. Ἐπεὶ δὲ ἔλυσα καὶ πάνθ' ἕκαστα ἐπεξῆλθον, γελάσαι μοι ἐπῆλθε: τοῦτο μὲν ὑφ' ἡδονῆς, τοῦ μηδὲν ἀκοῦσαι νεώτερον: τοῦτο δὲ πρὸς τὰ Δημοσθένους τὰ σὰ κρίναντι. Ὅτι ὃ μέν, ἐπειδὴ ὀλίγοις τισὶ χορευταῖς καὶ αὐληταῖς ἐχορήγει, οὐκέτ' ἠξίου Δημοσθένης, ἀλλὰ χορηγὸς ὀνομάζεσθαι, σὺ δ' ὁ αὐτὸς εἶ καὶ χορηγῶν καὶ μή, χορηγῶν μέντοι πλείονα μυριάσι στρατιωτῶν ἢ ὅσοις ἀνδράσιν ἐκεῖνος παρέσχε τὰ ἐπιτήδεια: ὅς γε οὔθ' ἡμῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ σχήματος ἐπιστέλλεις, ἀλλὰ τὸν εἰωθότα τρόπον, καὶ τῆς περὶ Λόγους σπουδῆς οὐδὲν ὑφίεσαι, ἀλλά, τὸ τοῦ Πλάτωνος, ἐν χειμῶνι καὶ χαλάζῃ πραγμάτων οἷον ὑπὸ τεῖχός τι καρτερὸν ἀποστάς, οὐδενὸς θορύβου τὴν ψυχὴν ἀναπίμπλασαι: μᾶλλον δὲ οὐδὲ ἑτέρους ἐᾷς, τό γε σεαυτοῦ μέρος. Καὶ τὰ μὲν σὰ τοιαῦτα, οὕτω μεγάλα καὶ θαυμαστὰ τοῖς συνορᾶν δυναμένοις, καὶ πάλιν οὐ θαυμαστὰ τῷ πρὸς τὴν ὅλην προαίρεσιν τοῦ βίου κρίνοντι. Ἄκουε δὲ καὶ τὰ ἡμέτερα, παράδοξά τε ὄντα καὶ ἀκολούθως ἡμῖν ἀπαντῶντα.
[2] Ἀνήρ τις ἄγροικος τῶν συνοικούντων ἡμῖν ἐν Ἀννίσοις, οἰκέτου μου τελευτήσαντος, οὐ συμβόλαιόν τι πρὸς αὐτὸν εἰπὼν ἐσχηκέναι, οὐ προσελθών μοι, οὐκ ἐπαιτιασάμενος, οὐ παρ' ἑκόντος ἀξιώσας λαβεῖν, οὐκ ἀπειλήσας εἰ μὴ λάβοι βιάσασθαι, ἀθρόον μετά τινων ὁμοίων αὐτῷ τὴν ἀπόνοιαν ἐπιθέμενος ἡμῶν τῇ οἰκίᾳ, τά τε γύναια τὰ φυλάττοντα συνέτριψε τύπτων καὶ καταρρήξας τὰς θύρας ἐξεφόρησεν ἅπαντα, τὰ μὲν αὐτὸς λαβών, τὰ δὲ εἰς διαρπαγὴν τοῖς βουλομένοις προθείς. Ἵν' οὖν μὴ ὁ ἔσχατος ὅρος ἡμεῖς τῆς ἀσθενείας ὦμεν καὶ παντὶ δόξωμεν πρὸς ἐπιχείρησιν ἐπιτήδειοι, ἣν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς πράγμασιν ἡμῶν σπουδὴν ἐπιδέδειξαι καὶ νῦν εἰσενέγκασθαι παρακλήθητι. Μόνως γὰρ ἂν οὕτω τὸ ἄπραγμον ἡμῖν σώζοιτο, εἰ τῷ σῷ δραστηρίῳ συντεταγμένοι εἴημεν. Γένοιτο δ' ἂν ἡμῖν ἀρκοῦσα δίκη, εἰ διὰ τοῦ παγάρχου συλληφθεὶς ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ βραχὺν κατακλεισθείη χρόνον. Καὶ γὰρ οὐχ ὑπὲρ ὧν πεπόνθαμεν ἀγανακτοῦμεν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς πρὸς τὸ λοιπὸν ἀσφαλείας δεόμεθα.