Apology to the Emperor. (Apologia Ad Constantium.)

 Defence Before Constantius.

 2. The first charge, of setting Constans against Constantius.

 3. He never saw Constans alone.

 4. The movements of Athanasius refute this charge.

 5. No possible time or place for the alleged offence.

 6. The second charge, of corresponding with Magnentius.

 7. This charge utterly incredible and absurd.

 8. Disproof of It.

 9. Athanasius could not write to one who did not even know him.

 10. His loyalty towards Constantius and his brother.

 11. Challenge to the accusers as to the alleged letter.

 12. Truth the defence of Thrones.

 13. This charge rests on forgery.

 14. The third charge, of using an undedicated Church.

 15. Want of room the cause, precedent the justification.

 16. Better to pray together than separately.

 17. Better to pray in a building than in the desert.

 18. Prayers first do not interfere with dedication afterwards.

 19. Fourth charge, of having disobeyed an Imperial order.

 20. History of his disobeying it.

 21. Forasmuch then as the letter owed its origin to a false story, and contained no order that I should come to you, I concluded that it was not the w

 22. Arrivals of Diogenes and of Syrianus.

 23. A copy of the letter as follows:

 24. Why Athanasius did not obey the Imperial Order.

 25. The irruption of Syrianus.

 26. How Athanasius acted when this took place.

 27. Athanasius leaves Alexandria to go to Constantius, but is stopped by the news of the banishment of the Bishops.

 28. The news of the intrusion of George.

 29. Athanasius has heard of his own proscription.

 30. A copy of the letter of Constantius against Athanasius.

 31. Letter of Constantius to the Ethiopians against Frumentius.

 32. He defends his Flight.

 33. Conduct of the Arians towards the consecrated Virgins.

 34. He expostulates with Constantius.

 35. It was therefore better for me to hide myself, and to wait for this opportunity. Yes, I am sure that from your knowledge of the sacred Scriptures

22. Arrivals of Diogenes and of Syrianus.

After a period of six and twenty months, when Montanus had gone away, there came Diogenes the Notary70    [August, 355 a.d. See Hist. Aceph. iii. Fest. Ind. xxv., xxvii.] Notaries were the immediate attendants on magistrates, whose judgments, &c., they recorded and promulgated. Their office was analogous in the Imperial Court. vid. Gothofred in Cod. Theod. VI. x. Ammian. Marcell. tom. 3. P. 464. ed. Erfurt, 1808. Pancirol. Notit. p. 143. Hofman in voc. Schari enumerates with references the civil officers, &c., to whom they were attached in Dissert. 1, de Notariis Ecclesiæ, p. 49.; but he brought me no letter, nor did we see each other, nor did he charge me with any commands as from you. Moreover when the General Syrianus entered Alexandria71    [Jan. 5, 356.], seeing that certain reports were spread abroad by the Arians, who declared that matters would now be as they wished, I enquired whether he had brought any letters on the subject of these statements of theirs. I confess that I asked for letters containing your commands. And when he said that he had brought none, I requested that Syrianus himself, or Maximus the Prefect of Egypt, would write to me concerning this matter. Which request I made, because your Grace has written to me, desiring that I would not suffer myself to be alarmed by any one, nor attend to those who wished to frighten me, but that I would continue to reside in the Churches without fear. It was Palladius, the Master of the Palace, and Asterius, formerly Duke of Armenia, who brought me this letter. Permit me to read a copy of it. It is as follows:

22 Μοντάνου τοίνυν ἀποδημήσαντος, ἦλθε ∆ιογένης ὁ νοτάριος μετὰ ἓξ καὶ εἴκοσι μῆνας· καὶ οὔτε αὐτὸς ἐπιστολὴν ἀπεδίδου, οὔτε ἑωράκαμεν ἀλλήλους, οὔτε ὡς προστάξεως οὔσης ἐνετείλατό μοι· ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅτε Συριανὸς ὁ στρατηλάτης εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρειαν, ἐπειδὴ παρὰ τῶν Ἀρειανῶν ἐθρυλεῖτό τινα, καὶ ἅπερ ἐβούλοντο, ἐπηγγέλλοντο γίνεσθαι, ἠρώτων εἰ γράμματα ἔχει περὶ ὧν θρυλοῦσι· γράμματα γὰρ ἀπῄτουν, ὁμολογῶ, τῆς προστάξεως. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ μὴ ἔχειν ἔλεγεν, ἠξίουν κἂν αὐτὸν Συριανὸν ἢ τὸν ἔπαρχον τῆς Αἰγύπτου Μάξιμον γράψαι μοι περὶ τούτου. Τοῦτο δὲ οὕτως ἀπῄτουν, ἐπειδὴ γράψασά μοι ἦν ἡ σὴ φιλανθρωπία, ὥστε παρὰ μηδενός με ταράττεσθαι, μηδὲ ἀνέχεσθαι τῶν θελόντων ἡμᾶς πτοεῖν, ἀλλὰ μένειν ἐν ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις ἀμερίμνως. Οἱ μὲν οὖν κομίσαντες τὴν τοιαύτην ἐπιστολήν εἰσι Παλλάδιος, ὁ γενόμενος τοῦ παλατίου μάγιστρος, καὶ Ἀστέριος ὁ γενόμενος δοὺξ Ἀρμενίας. Τὸ δὲ ἀντίγραφον τῆς ἐπιστολῆς συγχώρησον ἀναγνῶναί με· ἔστι γὰρ τοῦτο·