Chapter XXVIII.

But as it was easily seen to be unjust to compel freemen against their will to offer sacrifice (for even in other acts of religious service a willing mind is required), it should be counted quite absurd for one man to compel another to do honour to the gods, when he ought ever voluntarily, and in the sense of his own need, to seek their favour, lest in the liberty which is his right he should be ready to say, “I want none of Jupiter’s favours; pray who art thou? Let Janus meet me with angry looks, with whichever of his faces he likes; what have you to do with me?” You have been led, no doubt, by these same evil spirits to compel us to offer sacrifice for the well-being of the emperor; and you are under a necessity of using force, just as we are under an obligation to face the dangers of it.  This brings us, then, to the second ground of accusation, that we are guilty of treason against a majesty more august; for you do homage with a greater dread and an intenser reverence to Cæsar, than Olympian Jove himself. And if you knew it, upon sufficient grounds. For is not any living man better than a dead one, whoever he be? But this is not done by you on any other ground than regard to a power whose presence you vividly realize; so that also in this you are convicted of impiety to your gods, inasmuch as you show a greater reverence to a human sovereignty than you do to them. Then, too, among you, people far more readily swear a false oath in the name of all the gods, than in the name of the single genius of Cæsar.

CAPUT XXVIII.

0435A

Quoniam autem facile iniquum videretur , liberos homines invitos urgeri ad sacrificandum (nam et alias divinae rei faciendae libens animus indicitur): 0436A certe ineptum existimaretur, si quis ab alio cogeretur ad honorem deorum, quos ultro sui caussa placare deberet, ne prae manu esset jure libertatis dicere: Nolo mihi Jovem propitium; tu, quis est me conveniat Janus iratus ex qua velit fronte; quid tibi mecum est? Formati estis ab iisdem utique spiritibus, ut nos pro salute imperatoris sacrificare cogatis, et imposita est tam vobis necessitas cogendi, quam nobis obligatio periclitandi. Ventum est igitur ad secundum titulum laesae augustioris majestatis, siquidem majore formidine et callidiore timiditate Caesarem observatis, quam ipsum de Olympo Jovem, et merito si sciatis. Quis enim ex viventibus non quolibet mortuo tuo potior ? Sed nec hoc vos ratione 0437A facitis potius quam respectu praesentaneae potestatis, adeo et in isto irreligiosi erga deos vestros deprehendimini, qui plus timoris humano dominio dicatis. Citius denique apud vos per omnes deos, quam per unum genium Caesaris pejeratur.