Eadmer

 Eanbald

 Eanbald I

 Eanbald II

 Easter

 Easter Controversy

 Eastern Churches

 Easterwine

 Adam Easton

 St. Eata

 Ebbo

 Thomas Ebendorfer

 Matthias Eberhard

 Eberhard of Ratisbon

 Ebionites

 Ebner

 Ecclesiastes

 Ecclesiastical Art

 Ecclesiasticus

 Samuel Eccleston

 Thomas of Eccleston

 Jacques Echard

 Baltasar de Echave

 Echinus

 Abbey of Echternach

 Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn

 Johann Eck

 Anselm Eckart

 Eckebert

 Johann Georg von Eckhart

 Johann, Meister Eckhart

 Joseph Hilarius Eckhel

 Eclecticism

 Ecstasy

 Ecuador

 Edda

 Edelinck

 Edesius and Frumentius

 Edessa

 Henry Essex Edgeworth

 Edinburgh

 Editions of the Bible

 Congregation of Saint Edmund

 Ven. Edmund Arrowsmith

 Bl. Edmund Campion

 St. Edmund Rich

 St. Edmund the Martyr

 Education

 Catholic Educational Association

 Education of the Blind

 Education of the Deaf and Dumb

 Edward III

 St. Edward the Confessor

 St. Edward the Martyr

 St. Edwin

 Edwy

 Boetius Egan

 Michael Egan

 St. Egbert

 Egbert

 Egbert, Archbishop of Trier

 Egbert, Archbishop of York

 Egfrid

 Frederick W. von Egloffstein

 Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Prince of Gâvre

 Egoism

 St. Egwin

 Egypt

 Egyptian Church Ordinance

 Josef Karl Benedikt, Freiherr von Eichendorff

 Diocese of Eichstätt

 St. Eimhin

 Einhard

 Abbey of Einsiedeln

 Martin Eisengrein

 St. Eithene

 St. Eithne

 Ekkehard

 Ekkehard of Aura

 Elæa

 Elba

 Elcesaites

 George Elder

 William Henry Elder

 Eleazar

 Elect

 Election

 Pope St. Eleutherius

 St. Eleutherius

 Eleutheropolis

 The Elevation

 Fausto de Elhuyar y de Suvisa

 Elias

 Elias of Cortona

 Elias of Jerusalem

 Jean-Baptiste-Armand-Louis-Léonce Elie de Beaumont

 St. Eligius

 St. Elined

 Eliseus

 Elishé

 Elizabeth

 Sisters of Saint Elizabeth

 Elizabeth Associations

 St. Elizabeth of Hungary

 St. Elizabeth of Portugal

 Bl. Elizabeth of Reute

 St. Elizabeth of Schönau

 Philip Michael Ellis

 Ellwangen Abbey

 Elohim

 St. Elphege

 Diocese of Elphin

 Elusa

 Council of Elvira

 Ancient Diocese of Ely

 St. Elzéar of Sabran

 Emanationism

 Ecclesiastical Emancipation

 Ember-days

 Embolism

 Ecclesiastical Embroidery

 St. Emerentiana

 Jacques-André Emery

 Emesa

 Emigrant Aid Societies

 Emmanuel

 Emmaus

 St. Emmeram

 Abbey of Saint Emmeram

 Anne Catherine Emmerich

 Empiricism

 Congress of Ems

 Hieronymus Emser

 Juan de la Encina

 Diego Ximenez de Enciso

 Martín Fernández de Enciso

 Encolpion

 Encratites

 Encyclical

 Encyclopedia

 Encyclopedists

 Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher

 Endowment

 Law of the Conservation of Energy

 Engaddi

 Ludwig Engel

 Abbey of Engelberg

 St. Engelbert of Cologne

 Engelbert

 Cornelis Engelbrechtsen

 England

 England (Before the Reformation)

 England (Since the Reformation)

 English Literature

 The Anglo-Saxon Church

 John England

 Felix Englefield

 Sir Henry Charles Englefield

 English College in Rome

 English Confessors and Martyrs (1534-1729)

 Magnus Felix Ennodius

 Ulrich Ensingen

 Entablature

 Enthronization

 Sts. Eoghan

 Epact

 Eparchy

 Charles-Michel de l'Epée

 Diocese of Eperies

 Epistle to the Ephesians

 Ephesus

 Council of Ephesus

 Robber Council of Ephesus

 Seven Sleepers of Ephesus

 Ephod

 St. Ephraem

 Ephraim of Antioch

 Epicureanism

 Epiklesis

 Epiphania

 Epiphanius Scholasticus

 Epiphanius of Constantinople

 Epiphanius of Salamis

 Epiphany

 Epistemology

 Epistle

 Joseph Epping

 Desiderius Erasmus

 Erastus and Erastianism

 Veit Erbermann

 Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga

 St. Erconwald

 Sampson Erdeswicke

 Erdington Abbey

 St. Erhard of Ratisbon

 Diocese of Erie

 John Scotus Eriugena

 Ermland

 Vicariate Apostolic of Ernakulam in India

 Ernan

 Ernst of Hesse-Rheinfels

 Ernulf

 William Errington

 Error

 Charles Erskine

 Franz Ludwig von Erthal

 Friedrich Karl Joseph, Freiherr von Erthal

 Erwin of Steinbach

 Erythræ

 Diocese of Erzerum

 Esau

 Nicolaus Van Esch

 Eschatology

 Ven. Marina de Escobar

 Antonio Escobar y Mendoza

 Escorial

 Esdras

 Louis-Philippe Mariauchau d'Esglis

 Eskil

 Eskimo

 Pierre Bélain, Sieur d'Esnambuc

 Antonio Espejo

 Zeger Bernhard Van Espen

 Claude d'Espence

 Vicente Espinel

 Alonso de Espinosa

 Espousals

 Espousals of the Blessed Virgin Mary

 Essence and Existence

 Essenes

 Willem Hessels van Est

 Establishment

 Jean-Baptiste-Charles-Henri-Hector, Comte d'Estaing

 Esther

 Claude Estiennot de la Serre

 Eternity

 St. Ethelbert

 St. Ethelbert (King of Kent)

 Ethelbert (Archbishop of York)

 St. Etheldreda

 Ethelhard

 St. Ethelwold

 Hugh and Leo Etherianus

 Ethics

 Ethiopia

 Etschmiadzin

 Euaria

 Eucarpia

 Eucharist

 Early Symbols of the Eucharist

 Eucharistic Congresses

 St. Eucharius

 St. Eucherius of Lyons

 Euchologion

 Bl. Jean Eudes

 Eudists

 Eudocia

 Eudoxias

 The Church and Eugenics

 St. Eugendus

 Popes Eugene I-IV

 Eugenius

 St. Eugenius of Carthage

 St. Eulalia of Barcelona

 Eulogia

 St. Eulogius of Alexandria

 St. Eulogius of Cordova

 Eumenia

 Eunomianism

 Euphemius of Constantinople

 St. Euphrasia

 St. Euphrosyne

 Eurœa

 Europe

 Europus

 St. Eusebius, Bishop of Vercelli

 St. Eusebius, Bishop of Samosata

 St. Eusebius

 Pope St. Eusebius

 Chronicle of Eusebius

 Eusebius Bruno

 Eusebius of Alexandria

 Eusebius of Cæsarea

 Eusebius of Dorylæum

 Eusebius of Laodicea

 Eusebius of Nicomedia

 St. Eustace

 John Chetwode Eustace

 Maurice Eustace

 Bartolomeo Eustachius

 Sts. Eustachius and Companions

 St. Eustathius

 Eustathius

 Eustathius of Sebaste

 St. Eustochium Julia

 Euthalius

 Euthanasia

 St. Euthymius

 Eutropius of Valencia

 Eutyches

 Eutychianism

 Pope St. Eutychianus

 Eutychius I, Patriarch of Constantinople

 Eutychius, Melchite Patriarch of Alexandria

 Evagrius Scholasticus

 Evagrius Ponticus

 Evangeliaria

 Evangelical Alliance

 Evangelical Church

 Evangelist

 Pope St. Evaristus

 Eve

 Eve of a Feast

 Evesham Abbey

 Evil

 Evodius

 Evolution

 Archdiocese of Evora

 Diocese of Evreux

 Sts. Ewald

 Thomas Ewing

 Examination

 Examination of Conscience

 Apostolic Examiners

 Synodal Examiners

 Exarch

 Ex Cathedra

 Right of Exclusion

 Excommunication

 Apostolic Executor

 Exedra

 Biblical Exegesis

 Exemption

 Exequatur

 Diocese of Exeter

 Exodus

 Exorcism

 Exorcist

 Feast of the Expectation of the Blessed Virgin Mary

 Expectative

 Apostolic Expeditors

 Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament

 Extension

 Extravagantes

 Extreme Unction

 Exul Hibernicus

 Exultet

 St. Exuperius

 Albrecht von Eyb

 Hubert and Jan van Eyck

 Jean Baptiste Van Eycken

 Ven. Pierre-Julien Eymard

 Nicolas Eymeric

 Thomas Eyre

 Charles Eyston

 Ezechias

 Ezechiel

 Eznik

 Ezzo

Elba

Elba, the largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, is today a part of the Italian province of Leghorn and is separated from the mainland by the Channel of Piombino. The island is traversed throughout by treeless mountain ranges, the highest peak being Monte Capanne (about 3343 feet); its area is 86 square miles; according to the census of 1901 it had 25,556 inhabitants, mostly Catholics. Politically the island forms the district of Porto Ferrajo; the chief town is Porto Ferrajo on the north coast, a place with 3940 inhabitants; the commune contains 6701 inhabitants. Outside of Porto Ferrajo the principal towns of the island are Orte Rio, with 2478 inhabitants, and the strongly fortified Porto Longone, which has a good harbor and a population of 4761. Ecclesiastically Elba belongs to the Diocese of Massa Marittima and contains eleven parishes: Porto Ferrajo, Porto Longone, Marciana, Marciana Marina, Poggio, Capoliveri, Rio, Rio Marina, Marina Campo, Sant' Ilario in Campo, and San Pietro in Campo. The Sisters of Mercy of St. Vincent de Paul have a house at Porto Longone, and the Sisters of St. Vincent, or Ladies of Christian Love, founded by the Venerable Cottolengo, have one at Porto Ferrajo; these are the only houses of religious on the island. The chief industry of Elba is the mining of the rich iron ore which was famous even in antiquity, but which, on account of lack of fuel, is generally smelted on the opposite coast of the mainland (the Maremma). The agricultural products are wheat, maize, wine, and semi-tropical fruits, and there are very profitable tunny and anchovy fisheries. The commerce is carried on through five ports, which were visited in 1900 by 2549 merchant vessels with a total of 492,418 tons burden. The smaller surrounding islands of Capraja, Pianosa, Palmaola, and Monte Cristo are connected in government with the island of Elba. Concerning the famous monastery of San Mamiliano, now in ruins, on the island of Monte Cristo, see Angelli, "L'Abbazia e l'Isola di Montecristo" (Florence, 1903), and for other information Kehr, "Regesta Pontificum Romanorum; Italia Pontificia" (Berlin, 1908), III, 276-78.

In the tenth century Elba came into the power of Pisa, from which it was wrested in 1290 by the city of Genoa. In 1399 Gian Galeazzo Visconti gave the island and the principality of Piombino to Gherardo Appiano in exchange for the lordship of Pisa. After that the island belonged as a Spanish fief to the Dukes of Sora and the Princes of Piombino. The Emperor Charles V gave a part of Elba to the Grand Duke Cosimo I of Tuscany, who built the citadel of Cosmopoli and thus laid the foundation of the later Porto Ferrajo, the chief town of the island; another district including Porto Longone came into the power of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. In 1736 the whole of Elba with the principality of Piombino passed under the jurisdiction of the Kingdom of Naples; in 1801 the Peace of Luneville gave it to the Kingdom of Etruria, and in the following year, by the Peace of Amiens, it was transferred to France. After the first abdication of Napoleon Elba was made over to him as a sovereign principality. He landed on the island, May 4, 1814, but left it on February 26, 1815; during his short administration Napoleon did much for the benefit of the island, especially in the improvement of the roads. The Congress of Vienna, in 1815, restored the island to Tuscany, with which it was finally incorporated into the united Kingdom of Italy.

GREGOR REINHOLD