Τοῦ μεγάλου Ἀθανασίου ἀρχιεπισκόπου Ἀλεξανδρείας ἀπολογία περὶ τῶν διαβαλλόντων τὴν ἐν τῷ διωγμῷ φυγὴν αὐτοῦ.

 1 Ἀκούω Λεόντιον τὸν νῦν ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ καὶ Νάρκισσον τὸν ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως Νέρωνος καὶ Γεώργιον τὸν νῦν ἐν Λαοδικείᾳ καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτοῖς Ἀρειανοὺς πολλὰ π

 2 Ἐπειδὴ δὲ προσποιοῦνται δειλίαν ἐγκαλεῖν, ἀναγκαῖον ὀλίγα περὶ τούτου γράψαι. ∆ειχθήσονται γὰρ ἐκ τούτου πονηροί τε τὸν τρόπον καὶ μὴ ἐντετυχηκότες

 3 Τίνα γάρ ποτε διώκοντες καὶ καταλαβόντες οὐχ ὕβρισαν ὡς ἠθέλησαν; τίνα ζητοῦντες καὶ εὑρόντες οὐχ οὕτω διέθηκαν, ὡς ἢ τελευτῆσαι κακῶς ἢ λωβηθῆναι π

 4 Ἆρ' οὖν διὰ τὰ τοσαῦτα κόρον ἔχουσι καὶ λοιπὸν ἠρέμησαν· Οὐδαμῶς. Οὔτε γὰρ ἐπαύσαντο, ἀλλά, κατὰ τὴν ἐν ταῖς Παροιμίαις βδέλλαν, μᾶλλον νεανιεύονται

 5 Περὶ γὰρ τοῦ μεγάλου καὶ εὐγηροτάτου καὶ ὁμολογητοῦ ἀληθῶς Ὁσίου, περιττόν ἐστιν ἐμὲ καὶ λέγειν· ἴσως γὰρ ἐγνώσθη πᾶσιν ὅτι καὶ τοῦτον ἐξορισθῆναι π

 6 Ἐκεῖθεν γὰρ καὶ εἰς τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρειαν πάλιν ἐπεφύησαν, ζητοῦντες πάλιν ἡμᾶς ἀποκτεῖναι, καὶ γέγονε χείρονα τὰ νῦν τῶν προτέρων. Στρατιῶται γὰρ ἐξαίφν

 7 Ἄνδρας δὲ κρατήσας τεσσαράκοντα, καινοτέρῳ τρόπῳ κατέκοψε· ῥάβδους γὰρ τὰς ἀπὸ τῶν φοινίκων εὐθὺς τεμών, ἐν αὐταῖς ἐχούσας ἔτι τοὺς σκόλοπας τὰ νῶτα

 8 Ταῦτα δρῶντες καὶ μὴ ἐντραπέντες ἐφ' οἷς πρότερον καθ' ἡμῶν ἐτύρευσαν κακοῖς, ἔτι καὶ νῦν κατηγοροῦσιν, ἐκφυγεῖν δυνηθέντας αὐτῶν τὰς ἀνδροφόνους χε

 9 Εἰ μὲν οὖν ἔσῳζον τὰς φρένας, ἔβλεπον ἑαυτοὺς ἐν τού τοις συνεχομένους καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν προσκόπτοντας λογισμοῖς. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ καὶ τὸ σωφρονεῖν ἀπώλεσαν,

 10 Τίς τοίνυν οὐ συνορᾷ τὴν πανουργίαν αὐτῶν; Τίνι τοῦτο κατάδηλον οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτι μὴ δι' ἀρετὴν ὀνειδίζουσι δειλίαν, ἀλλ' αἵματα διψῶντες, ὥσπερ σαγήνα

 11 Ἢ τούτοις μὲν ὡς παλαιοῖς οὐκ ἐνέτυχον, τῶν δὲ κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον οὐδεμίαν μνήμην ἔχουσι. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ «διὰ τὸν φόβον τῶν Ἰουδαίων» ἀνεχώ

 12 ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ Λόγος δι' ἡμᾶς γενόμενος ἄνθρωπος κατηξίωσε ζητούμενος ὡς ἡμεῖς κρυβῆναι· καὶ πάλιν διωκόμενος, φεύγειν καὶ τὴν ἐπιβουλὴν ἐκκ

 13 Ἄρα ταῦτα βλέποντες, μᾶλλον δὲ κἂν ἀκούοντες ἐπεὶ μὴ βλέπουσι, πῶς κατὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον οὐ θελήσουσι γενέσθαι πυρίκαυστοι, ὅτι ἐναντία ὧν ὁ Κύριος π

 14 Ὡς μὲν οὖν Θεὸς καὶ Λόγος ὢν τοῦ Πατρὸς καιρὸν οὐκ εἶχεν· αὐτὸς γὰρ τῶν καιρῶν ἐστι δημιουργός· ἄνθρωπος δὲ γενόμενος καὶ τοῦτο λέγων δείκνυσιν ἑκά

 15 Ὥσπερ δὲ ταῦτα γέγραπται, δείκνυσιν ὁ Λόγος τοὺς ἁγίους εἰδέναι χρόνον ἑκάστῳ τῶν ἀνθρώπων μεμετρημένον. Τοῦ δὲ μηδένα γινώσκειν τὸ τέλος τοῦ χρόνο

 16 Ὁ μὲν οὖν Κύριος οὕτως ἑαυτὸν προσῆγεν ὑπὲρ πάντων, ὡς προείρηται· οἱ δὲ ἅγιοι καὶ τοῦτον τὸν τύπον παρὰ τοῦ Σωτῆρος μαθόντες (παρ' αὐτοῦ γὰρ καὶ π

 17 Εἰ δέ ποτε καὶ φεύγοντες προσήρχοντο τοῖς ζητοῦσιν, οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἁπλῶς ἔπραττον· τοῦ γὰρ Πνεύματος λαλοῦντος αὐτοῖς, οὕτως ἀπήντων ἐκείνοις θεοφιλεῖς

 18 Ἀμέλει τοσοῦτον ἦσαν παρεσκευασμένοι πρὸς τὴν τῆς ἀνδρείας ἀρετήν, ὡς μηδὲ τὸν τυχόντα δύνασθαι διστάσαι περὶ τούτου. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ πατριάρχης Ἰακώβ, φ

 19 Ταῦτα δὲ οὔτε τὴν προτέραν αὐτῶν φυγὴν κατὰ δειλίαν γεγενῆσθαι δείκνυσιν, οὔτε τὰ νῦν τὴν τυχοῦσαν αὐτοῖς πρᾶξιν μαρτυρεῖ, μεγάλην δέ τινα τῆς ἀνδρ

 20 Ὁ γοῦν πατριάρχης Ἰακὼβ φεύγων πλειόνων ὀπτασιῶν, καὶ τούτων θείων, κατηξιοῦτο· καὶ μᾶλλον ἠρεμῶν αὐτὸς ἔσχεν ὑπὲρ ἑαυτοῦ τὸν Κύριον τὸν μὲν Λάβαν

 21 Οὐ μεμπτέα ἄρα, οὐδὲ ἀργὴ τῶν ἁγίων ἡ φυγή· εἰ γὰρ μὴ ἐξέκλινον τοὺς διώκοντας, πῶς ἐγίνετο τὸ ἐκ σπέρματος ∆αυὶδ ἀνατεῖλαι τὸν Κύριον; ἢ τίνες ἔμε

 22 Οὕτω μὲν οὖν οἱ ἅγιοι, καθάπερ εἴρηται, φεύγοντες κατὰ περιττὸν καὶ δι' οἰκονομίαν ἐφυλάττοντο ὥσπερ ἰατροὶ τῶν δεομένων χάριν. Τοῖς δ' ἄλλοις καὶ

 23 Οὐκοῦν ὅτε τοιαῦτα τοῦ Σωτῆρός ἐστι τὰ παραγγέλματα, καὶ τοιαῦται τῶν ἁγίων αἱ πράξεις, εἰπάτωσαν ἡμῖν οἱ μηδ' ὁτιοῦν ἄν τις εἴποι κατ' ἀξίαν ἑαυτῶ

 24 Ἱκανὰ μὲν οὖν ταῦτα τὴν μανίαν τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀνατρέψαι, καὶ δεῖξαι μηδὲν ἕτερον αὐτοὺς σπουδάζοντας ἢ ἵνα μόνον εἰς λοιδορίας καὶ βλασφημίας φιλονεικῶ

 25 Τῆς τοίνυν Προνοίας οὕτως καὶ παραδόξως ῥυσαμένης, τίς ἂν δικαίως μέμψιν ἐπαγάγοι ὅτι μὴ τοῖς ζητοῦσιν ἑαυτοὺς ἐκδότους δεδώκαμεν, ἢ ὑποστρέψαντες

 26 Τοῦτο γοῦν εὐλαβούμενος κἀγώ, καὶ ταῦτα μαθὼν οὕτως ἐμαυτὸν ἤγαγον καὶ οὐκ ἀθετῶ τὴν εἰς ἐμὲ γενομένην παρὰ τοῦ Κυρίου χάριν καὶ βοήθειαν, κἂν οὗτο

 27 Ἕκαστος μὲν οὖν τὸν ἕτερον ἐν τοῖς ἰδίοις πλεονεκτεῖ κακοῖς, κοινὸς δὲ σπῖλός ἐστιν αὐτοῖς, ὅτι τὴν αἵρεσίν εἰσι χριστομάχοι καὶ οὐκέτι Χριστιανοί,

15. The Lord’s hour and time.

Now as these things are written in the Scriptures, the case is clear, that the saints know that a certain time is measured to every man, but that no one knows the end of that time is plainly intimated by the words of David, ‘Declare unto me the shortness of my days67    Ps. cii. 23, LXX..’ What he did not know, that he desired to be informed of. Accordingly the rich man also, while he thought that he had yet a long time to live, heard the words, ‘Thou fool, this night they are requiring thy soul: then whose shall those things be which thou hast provided68    Luke xii. 20.?’ And the Preacher speaks confidently in the Holy Spirit, and says, ‘Man also knoweth not his time69    Eccles. ix. 12..’ Wherefore the Patriarch Isaac said to his son Esau, ‘Behold, I am old, and I know not the day of my death70    Gen. xxvii. 2..’ Our Lord therefore, although as God, and the Word of the Father, He both knew the time measured out by Him to all, and was conscious of the time for suffering, which He Himself had appointed also to His own body; yet since He was made man for our sakes, He hid Himself when He was sought after before that time came, as we do; when He was persecuted, He fled; and avoiding the designs of His enemies He passed by, and ‘so went through the midst of them71    Luke iv. 30..’ But when He had brought on that time which He Himself had appointed, at which He desired to suffer in the body for all men, He announces it to the Father, saying, ‘Father, the hour is come; glorify Thy Son72    John xvii. 1..’ And then He no longer hid Himself from those who sought Him, but stood willing to be taken by them; for the Scripture says, He said to them that came unto Him, ‘Whom seek ye73    John xviii. 4, 5.?’ and when they answered, ‘Jesus of Nazareth,’ He saith unto them, ‘I am He whom ye seek.’ And this He did even more than once; and so they straightway led Him away to Pilate. He neither suffered Himself to be taken before the time came, nor did He hide Himself when it was come; but gave Himself up to them that conspired against Him, that He might shew to all men that the life and death of man depend upon the divine sentence; and that without our Father which is in heaven, neither a hair of man’s head can become white or black, nor a sparrow ever fall into the snare74    Matt. v. 36; x. 29..

15 Ὥσπερ δὲ ταῦτα γέγραπται, δείκνυσιν ὁ Λόγος τοὺς ἁγίους εἰδέναι χρόνον ἑκάστῳ τῶν ἀνθρώπων μεμετρημένον. Τοῦ δὲ μηδένα γινώσκειν τὸ τέλος τοῦ χρόνου γνώρισμα τὸ λέγειν τὸν ∆αυίδ· «τὴν ὀλιγότητα τῶν ἡμερῶν μου ἀνάγγειλόν μοι», ὃ γὰρ οὐκ ἠπίστατο τοῦτο μαθεῖν ἠξίου. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο γοῦν ὁ πλούσιος, νομίζων ἔτι πολὺν ζήσεσθαι χρόνον, ἤκουσεν· «ἄφρον, ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτὶ ζητοῦσί σου τὴν ψυχήν· ἃ δὲ ἡτοίμασας τίνι ἔσται»; Ὁ δὲ Ἐκκλησιαστὴς ἀποφαίνεται θαρρῶν τῷ Πνεύματι τῷ Ἁγίῳ καί φησι· «καί γε οὐκ ἔγνω ἄνθρωπος τὸν καιρὸν αὐτοῦ». ∆ιὰ τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ὁ πατριάρχης Ἰσαὰκ ἔλεγε τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ τῷ Ἡσαῦ· «ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ γεγήρακα καὶ οὐ γινώσκω τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς τελευτῆς μου». Ὁ μὲν οὖν Κύριος, καίτοι Θεὸς ὢν καὶ Λόγος τοῦ Πατρός, καὶ εἰδὼς τὸν μετρηθέντα τοῖς πᾶσι δι' αὐτοῦ καιρὸν καὶ γινώσκων ὃν αὐτὸς ὥρισε καὶ τῷ ἰδίῳ σώματι χρόνον εἰς τὸ παθεῖν, ἐπειδὴ δι' ἡμᾶς ἄνθρωπος γέγονε, τὰς μὲν πρὸ τοῦ τὸν χρόνον ἐλθεῖν ἡμέρας καὶ αὑτός, ὡς ἡμεῖς, ἐκρύπτετο ζητούμενος, διωκόμενός τε ἔφευγε, καὶ τὰς ἐπιβουλὰς ἐκκλίνων οὕτως διήρχετο, καὶ «διὰ μέσου αὐτῶν ἐπορεύετο»· ὅτε δὲ καὶ τὸν ὁρισθέντα παρ' αὐτοῦ καιρὸν ἤγαγεν αὐτός, ἐν ᾧ καὶ παθεῖν σωματικῶς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἤθελε, τοῦτον μὲν προσφωνεῖ τῷ Πατρὶ λέγων· «Πάτερ, ἐλήλυθεν ἡ ὥρα· δόξασόν σου τὸν Υἱόν», οὐκέτι δὲ λοιπὸν τοὺς ζητοῦντας ἐκρύπτετο, ἀλλ' εἱστήκει θέλων κρατηθῆναι παρ' αὐτῶν. Εἶπε γάρ, φησί, τοῖς ἐλθοῦσι πρὸς αὐτόν· «τίνα ζητεῖτε; τῶν δὲ ἀποκριναμένων· Ἰησοῦν τὸν Ναζωραῖον, ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς· ἐγώ εἰμι ὃν ζητεῖτε», καὶ τοῦτο οὐχ ἅπαξ, ἀλλὰ καὶ δεύτερον πεποίηκε· καὶ οὕτως λοιπὸν ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν πρὸς τὸν Πιλάτον. Οὔτε δὲ πρὸ τοῦ τὸν χρόνον ἐλθεῖν ἤφιεν ἑαυτὸν κρατεῖσθαι, οὔτε τοῦ καιροῦ παρόντος ἐκρύπτετο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔκδοτον ἑαυτὸν ἐδίδου τοῖς ἐπιβουλεύουσιν, ἵνα δείξῃ πᾶσι τῆς ἄνωθεν κρίσεως ἠρτῆσθαι τὴν ζωὴν καὶ τὸν θάνατον τῶν ἀνθρώπων, καὶ ὅτι ἄνευ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἡμῶν τοῦ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς οὐδὲ θρὶξ ἀνθρώπου δύναται λευκὴ ἢ μέλαινα γενέσθαι οὐδὲ στρουθίον εἰς παγίδα ἐμπεσεῖν ποτε.