Chap. XIX.

Matters having been thus concerted, Diocletian and Galerius went in procession to publish the nomination of Cæsars. Every one looked at Constantine; for there was no doubt that the choice would fall on him. The troops present, as well as the chief soldiers of the other legions, who had been summoned to the solemnity, fixed their eyes on Constantine, exulted in the hope of his approaching election, and occupied themselves in prayers for his prosperity. Near three miles from Nicomedia there is an eminence, on the summit of which Galerius formerly received the purple; and there a pillar, with the statue of Jupiter, was placed. Thither the procession went. An assembly of the soldiers was called. Diocletian, with tears, harangued them, and said that he was become infirm, that he needed repose after his fatigues, and that he would resign the empire into hands more vigorous and able, and at the same time appoint new Cæsars. The spectators, with the utmost earnestness, waited for the nomination. Suddenly he declared that the Cæsars were Severus and Maximin. The amazement was universal. Constantine stood near in public view, and men began to question amongst themselves whether his name too had not been changed into Maximin; when, in the sight of all, Galerius, stretching back his hand, put Constantine aside, and drew Daia forward, and, having divested him of the garb of a private person, set him in the most conspicuous place. All men wondered who he could be, and from whence he came; but none ventured to interpose or move objections, so confounded were their minds at the strange and unlooked-for event. Diocletian took off his purple robe, put it on Daia, and resumed his own original name of Diocles. He descended from the tribunal, and passed through Nicomedia in a chariot; and then this old emperor, like a veteran soldier freed from military service, was dismissed into his own country; while Daia, lately taken from the tending of cattle in forests to serve as a common soldier, immediately made one of the life-guard, presently a tribune, and next day Cæsar, obtained authority to trample under foot and oppress the empire of the East; a person ignorant alike of war and of civil affairs, and from a herdsman become a leader of armies.  

XIX. Cum haec essent constituta, procedit kalendis Maiis. Constantinum omnes intuebantur. Nulla erat dubitatio. Milites qui aderant, et priores militum electi, 0225B et acciti ex legionibus, in hunc unum intenti gaudebant, optabant, et vota faciebant. Erat locus altus extra civitatem ad millia fere tria, in cujus summo 0226A Maximianus ipse purpuram sumpserat; et ibi columna fuerat erecta cum Jovis signo. Eo pergitur. Concio militum convocatur. Inquit senex cum lacrymis, alloquitur milites: se invalidum esse, requiem post labores petere, imperium validioribus tradere, alios Caesares subrogare. Summa omnium expectatio quid afferret. Tunc repente pronuntiat Severum et Maximinum Caesares. Obstupefiunt omnes in tribunali. Constantinus astabat susum: haesitare inter se, num Constantini immutatum nomen esset, cum in conspectu omnium Maximianus manum retrorsum extendens, protraxit a tergo Daiam, Constantino repulso, et exutum vestem privatam, constituit in medium. Mirari omnes qui esset, unde esset. Nemo tamen reclamare ausus est, cunctis insperatae novitate rei 0226B turbatis. Huic purpuram Diocletianus injecit suam, qua se exuit, et Diocles iterum factus est. Tum descenditur; et rheda per civitatem veteranus Rex foras 0227A exportatur, in patriamque dimittitur. Daia vero sublatus nuper a pecoribus et sylvis, statim scutarius, continuo protector, mox tribunus, postridie Caesar, accepit Orientem calcandum et conterendum; quippe qui neque militiam, neque Rempublicam sciret, jam non pecorum, sed militum pastor.